Common Grammatical Errors Should You Use i.e. or e.g.

Common Grammatical Errors Should You Use i.e. or e.g. Do you know whether to use i.e. or e.g. in a sentence? What’s the difference? Unless you have studied Latin or the intricacies of the English language, you might be surprised to learn that the abbreviations i.e. and e.g. mean different things.  Many people use them interchangeably – and they are not, in fact, interchangeable. The Meaning of i.e. and e.g. e.g. means â€Å"for example† and comes from the Latin exempli gratia; whereas i.e. means â€Å"that is† and comes from the Latin id est. Grammar Girl has some great tricks to remember these definitions, as recounted in her article, How to Remember the Difference Between I.e. and E.g. She suggests thinking of â€Å"egg† for e.g., as in â€Å"eggsample† or just remembering that it starts with an e for â€Å"example.† For i.e. she suggests thinking â€Å"in essence† or just remembering that it starts with i for â€Å"in other words.† Examples of When to Use i.e. or e.g. i.e. e.g. There are 7 colors in the rainbow, i.e., red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. (Use i.e. when you are stating a complete list that is equivalent to what comes before the i.e.) There are 7 colors in the rainbow, e.g., red, orange and yellow. (Use e.g. when you are giving examples of the thing that comes before the e.g.) Sweets are her Achilles’ heel, i.e., her weak spot. (Use i.e. when you are defining the first part of the sentence in another way.) Sweets are her Achilles’ heel, e.g., she eats a pint of ice cream if it’s in front of her. (Use e.g. when you are giving an example of the first part of the sentence.) The soldier went AWOL, i.e., Absent Without Official Leave. (Use i.e. when you are explaining the definition.) Acronyms are words where each letter stands for a word, e.g., AWOL which means â€Å"Absent Without Official Leave.† (Use e.g. when giving an example.) Should i.e. or e.g. Be Italicized? There are a few things that grammar gurus do not agree upon.  One is whether i.e. and e.g. need to be italicized, as most Latin abbreviations are.  Most agree, however, that because these abbreviations are so common there is no need to italicize them. [Note:  I am italicizing i.e. and e.g. in sentences such as this as an alternative to using quotation marks; in my examples they are not italicized.] Should i.e. or e.g. Be Capitalized? There is disagreement as well as to whether i.e. and e.g. can ever be capitalized, i.e., I.e. or E.g.  I would capitalize them if they started a sentence, but not everyone says that’s acceptable. Should There Be a Comma After the Second Period in i.e. and e.g.? Once again, there is no agreement on this point.  Most sources but not all recommend a comma; in British English a comma is less often used. Technicalities aside, I recommend that you take a moment to think the next time you write an e.g. or i.e. in a document. You’re more likely to say what you mean. Are you working on a writing project and have questions about how to use i.e. vs. e.g.?  I’m happy to answer. For more grammar tips from The Essay Expert, sign up for my Grammar Writing Tips e-list.

How to Build Meaningful Experiences With Content [PODCAST]

How to Build Meaningful Experiences With Content [PODCAST] People learn from and remember their experiences. When they’re good experiences, they’ll want to come back for more. If you want your audience to keep coming back to you, you’ll need to create valuable experiences for them. Today we’re talking to Carla Johnson, the brains behind Type A Communications and the author of Experiences: The 7th Era of Marketing. She will talk to us about how to create value with our content, how to manage change within your organization, and how to break the status quo. Information about Type A Communications and what Carla does there. She also talks about what it was like to co-write Experiences and some of the takeaways of the book. Carla’s best advice for marketers who want to create value for their audience. The differences between relationship-building and experience-creating, as well as why now is the right time to start focusing on creating experiences. Examples of brands that have gotten the experience-building down to a science, including Nike and Vail Resorts. Tips for making this new era of marketing something your company implements and succeeds with. Carla’s basic steps behind content creation management and her best advice for marketers who want to break through the status quo. Links: Type A Communications Experiences: The 7th Era of MarketingIf you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Carla: â€Å"With the sophistication of consumers and the social world in which we live, just having a relationship isn’t enough.† â€Å"People need to feel a little uncomfortable and understand that what has historically been safe is now perhaps the risky option.† â€Å"We have to start being able to look at brands and ideas and experiences that have nothing to do with our industry or with marketing. Dig deep and understand what has inspired you as a person.†

Investments & Returns Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Investments & Returns - Essay Example Systematic risk, in finance, also known as non-controllable or non-diversifiable risk is the uncertainty in financial returns caused by factors that are beyond the control of an entity. These factors are macro-economic in nature. This type of risk cannot be managed by the organizations. They are the interest rate risk, the inflationary risk, the exchange risk and the market risk. The interest rate risk is caused by the movements in the cost of debt, thereby causing a decline or an increase in the interest payment on debt finance. An increase in the interest rate is unfavourable to the borrowers who will dig deeper into their pockets in order to meet the cost of debt. On the other hand, an increase in the interest rate is favourable to the lender due to an increase in the return. The opposite of the statement is true (Akrani, 2012). The inflationary risk is caused by a future increase or decrease in the commodity prices due to a deficit or a surplus in the supply level. An increase in the inflation reduces the real value of the local currency while a decrease in the inflation increases the real value of the local currency. A decline in the value of the local currency reduces the value of organizations, whereas, an increase in the value of the local currency increases the value of organizations. The exchange rate risk is caused by the volatility of the exchange rate. The exchange rate is the price of a local currency against that of the foreign currency. Companies that have subsidiaries in the internal market lose/gain when converting foreign currency to local currency when the exchange rate decreases/increases (Akrani, 2012). A decrease in the exchange rate means that less local currency is given up for the foreign the foreign currency. On the other hand, an increase in the exchange rate means that more local currency is given up for the foreign currency. The market risk is caused by the rise and fall in the prices of shares and other securities in the

Critical evaluation of Maths remaining as part of the curriculum Essay

Critical evaluation of Maths remaining as part of the curriculum - Essay Example Teaching and learning mathematics dates back to the third century BC making mathematics an ancient subject (Martin, 2006). Pioneers of modern mathematics include Euclid, and Pythagoras. Presumably, the age of mathematics as a subject has rendered it irrelevant in the modern world evoking the debate on whether mathematics should remain part of the school curriculum. However most teachers particularly mathematics teachers believe that mathematics should remain as part of the school curriculum. This report present a critical analysis of responses received from both teachers and students with the aim of drawing a conclusion on the issue. Majority of the teachers confirmed that mathematics is the only subject that train students how to make logical decisions on an issue. Unlike other subject, mathematical knowledge is based on fundamental theorems and principle. In addition, mathematics is the only well defined subject or the only subject that avoids contradictions. This indicates that ma thematics endows learners with fundamental skills that cannot be obtained from another subject taught in the school curriculum. According to Martin (2006), mathematics is the only universal subject and the only subject that has remained relevant over the years. ... It has been established that most subjects teach students how to memorize or remember (Martin, 2006). This aspect makes mathematics a sufficient prerequisite to nearly all subjects taught in the school curriculum. Most science and engineering subjects such as chemistry, engineering, physics, and architecture use mathematics to proof and illustrate theoretical concepts. Discovery of abstract branches of mathematics such as algebra, topology, and analysis has also been instrumental in the evolution of computer science and information technology. Thus, nearly all subjects taught in the modern school curriculum depend on mathematics as their main language of illustration. From responses received, it is evident that teachers support the issue of maintaining mathematics in the school curriculum. It is also evident that mathematics is applicable in humanities and social sciences. In particular, mathematical techniques are applied in humanities and social sciences to establish social trends and to quantify key social quantities such as population. Therefore, mathematics cannot be eliminated from the school curriculum. The interactive nature of mathematics is the main factor that makes most students to shy away from the subject. Unlike other subjects taught in the school curriculum, mathematics requires active participation of students. This compels the students to participate in classroom activities such as class discussion and completing assignments. Thus, mathematics exams not only examine a student’s ability to remember theoretical content but their level of participation in the school activities. Evidently, the level of a student’s participation in mathematics also measures their

Gender and Movie Selection Essay -- Research Essays

Gender and Movie Selection Introduction: A very diverse, broad, and extensive industry is the filmmaking industry. However, the unique aspect of the industry is that it is so expansive in all of the different categories and types of movies, but yet each film is individualized. A certain characteristic of a movie may appeal to one person and not another. Such characteristics may not only appeal to an individual but to a certain group of people. Could it be that characteristics of a film appeal to either the male gender or the female gender? Is there a difference in the category of movie that a male chooses as opposed to one that a female chooses? Such questions prove to be very interesting and ponderous. Upon thinking of such questions, I decided to revolve my research paper around the two concepts of movies and gender. My hypothesis for this research paper is â€Å"In determining a movie to watch, college-age males choose action and adventure movies while females of the same age choose roman ce or romantic comedy movies†. I feel that this topic is very interesting because many items today are marketed towards a specific gender. This can be viewed and noticed in such items as clothing, motor vehicles, and certain hobbies. This pattern may just as well carry over into the film industry. If it does, it may be reflected by the category of movie a certain gender selects to watch. Therefore, my thesis is: By used of an observation, a survey, an interview, and a personal history, I will prove that men choose action movies and women choose romance/romantic comedy movies because each gender relates to a different characteristic found in each type of movie. Methods and Materials: ... ...that I encountered in collecting data was when I was observing. Since I had no contact with the subjects, I simply made the assumption that they were picking the movie for themselves to watch. However, the person could have been renting the movie for someone else. Another limitation occurred through the survey. I had two different choices for the categories of the movies. One choice was action/adventure and the other was romance/romantic comedy. Romantic comedy and true romance movies vary in multiple ways and I should not have categorized them as one type of movie. This could have swayed my results a little. In doing this research again, I would have three categories; one action, one comedy, and one romance. I also could have interviewed a female. I only interviewed a male and therefore, I only gained detailed information from one gender’s perspective.

Eth prescribed notes

Everyone has it Everyone has some talent that Is stronger than someone else Talent does not equal Intelligence/ knowledge/ skills/ specific ablest Talent starts with genetic Inheritance unique patterns of personality/ temperament/ behavioral traits play a big role In who we are/ become Always work on your students' strengths not their weaknesses. MYTH 1 :III learn in the same way Each personal learning / thinking / working style Is a style conducive to the person, & however comfortable they are doing the task.Each has a different way of taking In Info, storing, processing, retrieving & converting It Into knowledge Einstein said, imagination is more important than knowledge, he came up with his relativity theory by imagining a ride on a moonbeam. MYTH 2 :luminescent is fixed at birth & accurately determined by standard IQ tests Skills measured IQ are not all the skills a person possesses which constitute intelligence Only 20% of Intelligence Is analytical, constitute all other intelli gences. All people have individual strengths. Goals strengthen strengths & correct weaknesses. Excellence must be broadly defined.There are many forms of intelligence / traits/ talents that a person possesses Howard Gardener mentions 8 types An educator should help learners choose a field of study that matches learner's talent. MYTH 4 : Intelligence Is Inherited Need : Nature (inheritance) + Nurture(development through environment, experience, & culture) = to gain intelligence Born with traits & propensities for learning & specific talents Home, schooling, living environment is vital to develop those talents you were born with, & to build new sets of skills & abilities.

Definition and Examples of the Plain Style in English

In rhetoric, the term plain style refers to speech or writing that is simple, direct, and straightforward. Also known as the  low style, the scientific style, the simple style, and the Senecan style. In contrast to the grand style, the plain style does not rely heavily on figurative language. The plain style is commonly associated with the matter-of-fact delivery of information, as in most  technical writing. According to Richard Lanham, the three central values of the plain style are Clarity, Brevity, and Sincerity, the C-B-S theory of prose (Analyzing Prose, 2003). That said, literary critic Hugh Kenner has characterized plain prose, the plain style as the most disorienting form of discourse yet invented (The Politics of the Plain, 1985). Observations and Examples I am glad you think my style plain . I never, in any one page or paragraph, aimed at making it anything else, or giving it any other merit—and I wish people would leave off talking about its beauty. If it has any, it is only pardonable at being unintentional. The greatest possible merit of style is, of course, to make the words absolutely disappear into the thought.(Nathaniel Hawthorne, letter to an editor, 1851) The only way to write plainly, as a worker should, would be to write like [George] Orwell. But the plain style is a middle-class accomplishment, got by arduous and educated rhetorical effects.(Frank Kermode, History and Value. Oxford University Press, 1988)The plain style . . . is completely unadorned. It is straightforward and void of any figures of speech. It is the style of much contemporary newspaper prose. Cicero thought it was best suited for teaching, and indeed, the plain style is the idiom of the best schoolbooks of our age.(Kenneth Cmiel, Democratic Eloquence: The Fight Over Popular Speech in Nineteenth-Century America. University of California Press, 1990) The Power of the Plain Style In political language, plainness is powerful. Of the people, by the people, for the people. Ask not what your country can do for you. I have a dream. This is especially so for language designed to be heard, like speeches and debate exchanges, rather than read from a page. People absorb and retain information in smaller increments through the ear than through the eye. Thus the classic intonations of every major religion have the simple, repetitive cadence also found in the best political speeches. In the beginning. And it was good. Let us pray.†(James Fallows, Who Will Win? The Atlantic, October, 2016) Cicero on the Plain Style Just as some women are said to be handsomer when unadorned—this very lack of ornament becomes them—so the plain style gives pleasure when unembellished. . . . All noticeable ornament, pearls as it were, will be excluded; not even curling irons will be used. All cosmetics, artificial white and red, will be rejected. Only elegance and neatness will remain. The language will be pure Latin, plain and clear; propriety will always be the chief aim.(Cicero, De Oratore) The Rise of the Plain Style in English At the beginning of the 17th century, the Senecan plain style enjoyed a significant and widespread boost in prestige: this came from playwrights like [Ben] Jonson, low-church divines (who equated ornate persuasion with deceit), and, above all, scientists. Francis Bacon was particularly effective in associating Senecan plainness with the aims of empiricism and inductive method: the new science demanded a prose in which as few words as possible interfered with the presentation of object reality.(David Rosen, Power, Plain English, and the Rise of Modern Poetry, Yale University Press, 2006)The Royal Societys Prescription for a Plain StyleIt will suffice my present purpose to point out what has been done by the Royal Society towards the correcting of its excesses in Natural Philosophy . . ..They have, therefore, been most rigorous in putting in execution the only Remedy that can be found for this extravagance, and that has been a constant Resolution to reject all the amplifications, digre ssions, and swellings of style: to return back to the primitive purity, and shortness, when men delivered so many things almost in an equal number of words. They have exacted from all their members, a close, naked, natural way of speaking; positive expressions, clear senses, a native easiness; bringing all things as near the Mathematical plainness as they can: and preferring the language of Artizans, Countrymen, and Merchants, before that, of Wits, or Scholars.(Thomas Sprat, The History of the Royal Society, 1667) Example of the Plain Style: Jonathan Swift [B]ecause it is idle to propose remedies before we are assured of the disease, or to be in fear till we are convinced of the danger, I shall first show in general that the nation is extremely corrupted in religion and morals; and then I will offer a short scheme for the reformation of both.As to the first, I know it is reckoned but a form of speech when divines complain of the wickedness of the age; however, I believe, upon a fair comparison with other times and countries, it would be found an undoubted truth.For, first, to deliver nothing but plain matter of fact, without exaggeration or satire, I suppose it will be granted that hardly one in a hundred among our people of quality or gentry appears to act by any principle of religion; that great numbers of them do entirely discard it, and are ready to own their disbelief of all revelation in ordinary discourse. Nor is the case much better among the vulgar, especially in great towns, where the profaneness and ignorance of handicraftsm en, small traders, servants, and the like, are to a degree very hard to be imagined greater. Then it is observed abroad that no race of mortals have so little sense of religion as the English soldiers; to confirm which, I have been often told by great officers of the army that in the whole compass of their acquaintance they could not recollect three of their profession who seemed to regard or believe one syllable of the gospel: and the same at least may be affirmed of the fleet. The consequences of all which upon the actions of men are equally manifest. They never go about as in former times to hide or palliate their vices, but expose them freely to view like any other common occurrences of life, without the least reproach from the world or themselves. . . .(Jonathan Swift, A Project for the Advancement of Religion and the Reformation of Manners, 1709) Example of the Plain Style: George Orwell Modern English, especially written English, is full of bad habits which spread by imitation and which can be avoided if one is willing to take the necessary trouble. If one gets rid of these habits one can think more clearly, and to think clearly is a necessary first step towards political regeneration: so that the fight against bad English is not frivolous and is not the exclusive concern of professional writers. I will come back to this presently, and I hope that by that time the meaning of what I have said here will have become clearer.(George Orwell, Politics and the English Language, 1946) Hugh Kenner on the Disorienting Plain Style of Swift and Orwell Plain prose, the plain style, is the most disorienting form of discourse yet invented by man. Swift in the 18th century, George Orwell in the 20th are two of its very few masters. And both were political writers—theres a connection. . . .Plain style is a populist style and one that suited writers like Swift, Mencken, and Orwell. Homely diction is its hallmark, also one-two-three syntax, the show of candor and the artifice of seeming to be grounded outside language in what is called fact—the domain where a condemned man can be observed as he silently avoids a puddle [in Orwells A Hanging] and your prose will report the observation and no one will doubt it. Such prose simulates the words anyone who was there and awake might later have spoken spontaneously. On a written page, . . . the spontaneous can only be a contrivance. . . .The plain style feigns a candid observer. Such is its great advantage for persuading. From behind its mask of calm candor, the writer with politic al intentions can appeal, in seeming disinterest, to people whose pride is their no-nonsense connoisseurship of fact. And such is the trickiness of language that he may find he must deceive them to enlighten them. . . .What the masters of the plain style demonstrate is how futile is anyones hope of subduing humanity to an austere ideal. Straightness will prove crooked, the gain will be short-term, vision will be fabrication and simplicity an intricate contrivance. Likewise, no probity, no sincerity, can ever subdue the inner contradictions of speaking plainly.(Hugh Kenner, The Politics of the Plain. The New York Times, September 15, 1985)