My Life Of The Mill College Student - 888 Words

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Are you making the right decisions? Are you going to do something, or do you want to fall behind? So this brings me to the second question, what am I doing here? I’m here trying to answer the questions that ponder my mind and come up, not only with a solution, but a plan. A plan that can move me forward and guide me to a future in which I desire, where my dreams and goals come in fruition, and where I feel peace within myself with work I put in to get there. I need a plan so I can learn, and indeed learn, about theShow MoreRelatedThe Sociological Imagination, By C. Wright Mills1692 Words   |  7 Pagesroughly 36% of Americans earn a college degree, while the remaining 64% are either presented with different options, or simply do not have the resources to go to college (Butler-Sweet, September 5, 2017). It is often assumed that a person’s college status, as well as their entire life, can be determined by examining his or her intellect, high school performance, and talents. However, C. 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Management Is The Basic Function Of Management - 1763 Words

Q1. Management is a common and important term involving in all kinds of organizations such as businesses, political, cultural or social. Management has been described as the process of dealing with things or people (Oxford Dictionary). There are four basic functions that make up the effective management process: Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling. Catriona Noble, who started from a 14-year-old casual crew member to the first female CEO of One of McDonald’s top ten subsidiaries in the world, applies successfully these functions in operating McDonald’s Australia. Planning is the basic function of management which involves in defining goals, setting up strategy, and developing plans to best achieve of the goals. Typically, planning also involves flexibility in the organization and knowledge of the company’s recourses. Thus it is important to have planning skills to establish the right strategic objectives before making tactical decision (Burrows, 2016). 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Migration flows are increasingly differentiated. Free Essays

Introduction This paper will demonstrate the effects different migration flows have upon the regulation and management of global migrations. This will be done by reviewing asylum flows and considering whether effective controls are in place for dealing with this type of migrant. Consideration will also be made as to how this complicates our analysis of global migrations and their regulation. We will write a custom essay sample on Migration flows are increasingly differentiated. or any similar topic only for you Order Now Migration Flows States have the authority to regulate the movement of foreign nationals across their borders and consequently have the power to decide what persons can be admitted and for what length of time. Nevertheless, in order to regulate migration flows effectively, greater concern needs to be placed upon the dynamics that drive, facilitate and inhabit migration (Compas, 2013, p. 1). It is arguable whether this is easily attainable given that â€Å"international migration is incredibly diverse, fluid and fast changing† (Boswell and Geddes, 2010, p. 3). Various laws and regulations have been enacted, which are primarily intended to govern entry into and exit from the territories of states, yet some are more restrictive than others (Guild and Minderhoud, 2011, p. 166). The fact that states have the ability to refuse entry to persons from different jurisdictions is said to allow states to maintain their sovereignty. This was recognised by Adelman (1998, p. 19) when it was pointed out that: â€Å"even if a state has absolute sovereign authority to control the entry of refugee claimants, they must preserve international order which is in everyone’s self interests.† Yet, it is important that those fleeing from persecution are provided with adequate protection from the State in which they enter. Therefore, although states generally have the ability to control migration flows, they may also have to adhere to their international obligations (Human Rights Education Association, 2011, p. 2). This often produces problems since it is not always easy to establish whether a person has fled from persecution or left voluntarily. These uncertainties produce much difficulty and although states must protect the human rights of migrants (The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights), it is evident that the protection of migrants is currently inadequate (Amnesty International, 2009, p. 1). Asylum Flows Migrants are not receiving the support they need from states and national laws and procedures currently act as a barrier to the rights of migrants. This is largely due to the different migration flows that exist and the inability to address mixed migration flows effectively (Betts and Loescher, 2010, p. 320). The treatment of those claiming asylum in the UK provides a clear example of the difficulties that arise when it comes to analysing and regulating global migration. Thus, refugees often use the same routes and means of transportation when entering states as other migrants and because of this, it is extremely difficult to distinguish between them (Gibney, 2004, p. 12). As a result, â€Å"refugee was a term increasingly associated with dishonesty in the notion of ‘bogus’ asylum seekers† (Ryan and Webster, 2008, p. 3). This has an overall impact upon the proper regulation of migration, which is evident in the UK where asylum seekers are required to attain citize nship. Hence, a British Territories Overseas Citizenship or British Overseas Citizenship must be established, yet as contended by Bussutil (1990, p. 286): â€Å"claims cannot be decided with any ease, and great difficulties may be experienced.† This occurs in relation to the ‘qualifying period’ of five years and the additional ‘probationary citizenship’ period that is required prior to qualification for naturalisation. Although this accurately reflects the contemporary relationship between those people subjected to legal regulation and the state, it is questionable whether this relationship is appropriate in modern day society where states are callable of realising their international obligations. Global Migration and Regulation It is extremely difficult to ensure the proper regulation of global migration, yet â€Å"the Government started to respond to the increase in asylum applications in the 1980’s† (Sales, 2007, p. 1953). Nation States have since made great attempts to regulation immigration to their countries through â€Å"imposition of employer sanctions, phasing in and out of temporary foreign worker admission policies, legislations, measures against human trafficking, and measures concerning refugees and asylum seekers† (Castles and Miller, 2009, p. 205). The Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2009 seeks to ensure that the UK is fully implementing its international obligations, but given that the five year requirement can be waived by the Secretary of State is required, it is evident that each case can be decided on its own facts. Regardless, constraints and limits are still being placed upon liberal government in relation to those claiming asylum in the UK and as noted by A delman (1998, p. 19): â€Å"even if a state has absolute sovereign authority to control the entry of refugee claimants, they must preserve international order which is in everyone’s self interests.† He also added that: â€Å"a liberal state does not, however, have absolute sovereign authority, not only with respect to its own members, particularly in areas such as providing aid to refugees, but also with respect to stateless individuals or individuals who come from states which have failed to provide protection.† Arguably, it is evident that although the UK is capable of regulating domestic obligations in respect of asylum seekers, international order must still be preserved. It is questionable whether such international obligations are currently being preserved given that asylum seekers are restricted by domestic legislation. It is argued by Ellermann (2009, p. 2) that: â€Å"illegal immigrants often succeeded in preventing the state from exercising its sovere ign powers† since those who have no claims against the state are most likely to be able to frustrate state control. Arguably, state sovereignty is often undermined by international obligations as states are required to allow immigrants to cross their borders if it is considered to be in their interests. Balance? The new Points Based System (PBS) in the UK was introduced in order to regulate and control the existing mixed migration flows. Previously, citizens could apply for Indefinite Leave to Remain in the UK after spending five years living there, yet it is now a requirement under the Act that five years residence will only lead to â€Å"probationary citizenship† which would be capable of leading to full citizenship once a number of â€Å"points† have been earned. This new system is beneficial for the economy as it prevents migrants from becoming dependent on the State and enables a distinction to be made between the different types of migrants. As Woolas (2010, p. 1) believes: â€Å"Migration only works if it brings benefits and these measures will ensure that only those migrants that make a positive impact on their local community will be able to stay in the UK.† The Act will consequently prevent those migrants who are not beneficial to the UK’s economy from a cquiring citizenship since â€Å"unlimited migration places unacceptable pressure on public services, school places, and the provision of housing, causing problems for certain local communities† (Home Office: 2010). Too much restriction should not be placed upon the flow of migrants, however since â€Å"migrant workers in recent years have provided a significant boost to UK economic growth† (Balakrishnan, 2006, p. 2). Essentially, it is thereby important that a balance is struck between giving migrant workers the ability to acquire citizenship and preventing those that seek to rely on the State from being admitted unless they are genuinely fleeing from persecution. In Omojudi v United Kingdom Application No. 1820/08, 24 November, 2009 it was held by the court that a violation of the rights of immigrants under international law can only be justified if the aims being pursued are proportionate in view of the breach that has occurred. A justification will, as put by Stone (2010; p. 352); â€Å"require that the differential treatment has a legitimate aim and that there is a reasonable relationship of proportionality between the means employed and the aim pursued.† Therefore, unless a State has a legitimate aim for refusing migrants citizenship, then this will not be justified. This certainly allows greater fairness to be ensued. In Cabales and Balkandali v United Kingdom (1985) 7 EHRR 471 it was held that a refusal would need â€Å"very weighty reasons† before a violation of any rights under the European Convention of Human Rights 1951 could be justified. Difficulties still exist in relation to border control, nonetheless, and it see ms as though greater emphasis needs to be placed upon â€Å"exit checks and proper border controls† (Huhne: 2010, p. 2). The UK is the most vulnerable State that attracts migrants and because of this, it is even more important that the flow of mixed migrants is being controlled and managed effectively. It was stated by Shah (2002, p. 315) that: â€Å"the complexity of immigration control has therefore to keep pace with a highly mobile world where global communications at all levels and in all forms are easily exploited by criminal gangs and desperate individuals.† Conclusion Overall, it is often very difficult for states to properly regulate and manage migration flows because of the fact that they are increasingly differentiated. This is widely due to the problems that are caused by trying to distinguish between the different types of migrants. In addition, even when a distinction can be made, domestic legislation often conflicts with international obligations. As such, states are required to preserve international order in cases of confliction which often prevents them from implementing proper regulatory practices. In order to manage migration flows effectively, it is necessary for all states to co-operate and establish a common approach to migration management. This will ensure that that the rights of migrants are being protected, whilst also preserving national security. Hence, because of the problems that are caused by the lack of certainty surrounding refugee’s and asylum seekers, it is necessary for clearer guidance to be provided, which wil l enable a distinction to be made between the different types of migrants. This is necessary in certifying on the one hand that the rights of migrants are protected, and on the other than an overflow of migrants does not occur. References Adelman, H. (1998) Refuge or Asylum A Philosophical Perspective, Journal of Refugee Studies, Volume 1, Number 1. Amnesty International., (2009) World Refugee Day: Lives in Danger as Governments Deny Refugees Protection in Europe, http://www.amnesty.org/en/for-media/press-releases/world-refugee-day-lives-danger-governments-deny-refugees-protection-euro [Accessed 14 October 2013]. Balakrishnan, A., (2006). Immigrants Help the Economy Grow by 3%. The Guardian, [Accessed 13 October 2013]. Betts, A., and Loescher., (2011) Refugees in International Relations, Oxford University Press. Boswell, C., and Geddes, A., (2010) Migration and Mobility in the European Union, Palgrave Macmillan, 1st Edition. Busuttil, A. (1990) Immigration Problems and DNA Profiling, Journal of the Law Society of Scotland, (1990) 35 JLSS 286. Castles, S., and Miller, M. J., (2009) The Age of Migration, Fourth Edition: International Population Movements in the Modern World. Compas., (2013) Flows and Dynamics, [Accessed 23 November, 2013]. Ellermann, A. (2009) Undocumented Migrants and Resistance in the State of Exception, University of British Columbia, Available [Accessed 13 October 2013]. Gibney, M. J., (2004) The Ethics and Politics of Asylum: Liberal Democracy and the Response to Refugees, Cambridge University Press. Guild, E., and P., Minderhoud, (2011) The First Decade of EU Migration and Asylum Law, Martinus Nijhoff. Huhne, C., (2009). Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009. Scottish Human Rights Law Group, [Accessed 15 October 2013]. Human Rights Education Association, Refugees and Displaced Persons, (1996-2011), [Accessed 15 October 2013]. Ryan, L., and Webster, W., (2008) Gendering Migration: Masculinity, Femininity and Ethnicity in Post-War Britain, Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Sales, R., (2007) Understanding Immigration and Refugee Policy: Contradictions and Continuities, Policy Press, Political Science. Stone, R., (2010) Textbook on Civil Liberties, 8th edition, OUP Oxford. Woolas, P., (2010). Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009. The Guardian, [Accessed 13 October 2013]. How to cite Migration flows are increasingly differentiated., Essay examples Migration flows are increasingly differentiated. Free Essays Introduction This paper will demonstrate the effects different migration flows have upon the regulation and management of global migrations. This will be done by reviewing asylum flows and considering whether effective controls are in place for dealing with this type of migrant. Consideration will also be made as to how this complicates our analysis of global migrations and their regulation. We will write a custom essay sample on Migration flows are increasingly differentiated. or any similar topic only for you Order Now Migration Flows States have the authority to regulate the movement of foreign nationals across their borders and consequently have the power to decide what persons can be admitted and for what length of time. Nevertheless, in order to regulate migration flows effectively, greater concern needs to be placed upon the dynamics that drive, facilitate and inhabit migration (Compas, 2013, p. 1). It is arguable whether this is easily attainable given that â€Å"international migration is incredibly diverse, fluid and fast changing† (Boswell and Geddes, 2010, p. 3). Various laws and regulations have been enacted, which are primarily intended to govern entry into and exit from the territories of states, yet some are more restrictive than others (Guild and Minderhoud, 2011, p. 166). The fact that states have the ability to refuse entry to persons from different jurisdictions is said to allow states to maintain their sovereignty. This was recognised by Adelman (1998, p. 19) when it was pointed out that: â€Å"even if a state has absolute sovereign authority to control the entry of refugee claimants, they must preserve international order which is in everyone’s self interests.† Yet, it is important that those fleeing from persecution are provided with adequate protection from the State in which they enter. Therefore, although states generally have the ability to control migration flows, they may also have to adhere to their international obligations (Human Rights Education Association, 2011, p. 2). This often produces problems since it is not always easy to establish whether a person has fled from persecution or left voluntarily. These uncertainties produce much difficulty and although states must protect the human rights of migrants (The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights), it is evident that the protection of migrants is currently inadequate (Amnesty International, 2009, p. 1). Asylum Flows Migrants are not receiving the support they need from states and national laws and procedures currently act as a barrier to the rights of migrants. This is largely due to the different migration flows that exist and the inability to address mixed migration flows effectively (Betts and Loescher, 2010, p. 320). The treatment of those claiming asylum in the UK provides a clear example of the difficulties that arise when it comes to analysing and regulating global migration. Thus, refugees often use the same routes and means of transportation when entering states as other migrants and because of this, it is extremely difficult to distinguish between them (Gibney, 2004, p. 12). As a result, â€Å"refugee was a term increasingly associated with dishonesty in the notion of ‘bogus’ asylum seekers† (Ryan and Webster, 2008, p. 3). This has an overall impact upon the proper regulation of migration, which is evident in the UK where asylum seekers are required to attain citize nship. Hence, a British Territories Overseas Citizenship or British Overseas Citizenship must be established, yet as contended by Bussutil (1990, p. 286): â€Å"claims cannot be decided with any ease, and great difficulties may be experienced.† This occurs in relation to the ‘qualifying period’ of five years and the additional ‘probationary citizenship’ period that is required prior to qualification for naturalisation. Although this accurately reflects the contemporary relationship between those people subjected to legal regulation and the state, it is questionable whether this relationship is appropriate in modern day society where states are callable of realising their international obligations. Global Migration and Regulation It is extremely difficult to ensure the proper regulation of global migration, yet â€Å"the Government started to respond to the increase in asylum applications in the 1980’s† (Sales, 2007, p. 1953). Nation States have since made great attempts to regulation immigration to their countries through â€Å"imposition of employer sanctions, phasing in and out of temporary foreign worker admission policies, legislations, measures against human trafficking, and measures concerning refugees and asylum seekers† (Castles and Miller, 2009, p. 205). The Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2009 seeks to ensure that the UK is fully implementing its international obligations, but given that the five year requirement can be waived by the Secretary of State is required, it is evident that each case can be decided on its own facts. Regardless, constraints and limits are still being placed upon liberal government in relation to those claiming asylum in the UK and as noted by A delman (1998, p. 19): â€Å"even if a state has absolute sovereign authority to control the entry of refugee claimants, they must preserve international order which is in everyone’s self interests.† He also added that: â€Å"a liberal state does not, however, have absolute sovereign authority, not only with respect to its own members, particularly in areas such as providing aid to refugees, but also with respect to stateless individuals or individuals who come from states which have failed to provide protection.† Arguably, it is evident that although the UK is capable of regulating domestic obligations in respect of asylum seekers, international order must still be preserved. It is questionable whether such international obligations are currently being preserved given that asylum seekers are restricted by domestic legislation. It is argued by Ellermann (2009, p. 2) that: â€Å"illegal immigrants often succeeded in preventing the state from exercising its sovere ign powers† since those who have no claims against the state are most likely to be able to frustrate state control. Arguably, state sovereignty is often undermined by international obligations as states are required to allow immigrants to cross their borders if it is considered to be in their interests. Balance? The new Points Based System (PBS) in the UK was introduced in order to regulate and control the existing mixed migration flows. Previously, citizens could apply for Indefinite Leave to Remain in the UK after spending five years living there, yet it is now a requirement under the Act that five years residence will only lead to â€Å"probationary citizenship† which would be capable of leading to full citizenship once a number of â€Å"points† have been earned. This new system is beneficial for the economy as it prevents migrants from becoming dependent on the State and enables a distinction to be made between the different types of migrants. As Woolas (2010, p. 1) believes: â€Å"Migration only works if it brings benefits and these measures will ensure that only those migrants that make a positive impact on their local community will be able to stay in the UK.† The Act will consequently prevent those migrants who are not beneficial to the UK’s economy from a cquiring citizenship since â€Å"unlimited migration places unacceptable pressure on public services, school places, and the provision of housing, causing problems for certain local communities† (Home Office: 2010). Too much restriction should not be placed upon the flow of migrants, however since â€Å"migrant workers in recent years have provided a significant boost to UK economic growth† (Balakrishnan, 2006, p. 2). Essentially, it is thereby important that a balance is struck between giving migrant workers the ability to acquire citizenship and preventing those that seek to rely on the State from being admitted unless they are genuinely fleeing from persecution. In Omojudi v United Kingdom Application No. 1820/08, 24 November, 2009 it was held by the court that a violation of the rights of immigrants under international law can only be justified if the aims being pursued are proportionate in view of the breach that has occurred. A justification will, as put by Stone (2010; p. 352); â€Å"require that the differential treatment has a legitimate aim and that there is a reasonable relationship of proportionality between the means employed and the aim pursued.† Therefore, unless a State has a legitimate aim for refusing migrants citizenship, then this will not be justified. This certainly allows greater fairness to be ensued. In Cabales and Balkandali v United Kingdom (1985) 7 EHRR 471 it was held that a refusal would need â€Å"very weighty reasons† before a violation of any rights under the European Convention of Human Rights 1951 could be justified. Difficulties still exist in relation to border control, nonetheless, and it see ms as though greater emphasis needs to be placed upon â€Å"exit checks and proper border controls† (Huhne: 2010, p. 2). The UK is the most vulnerable State that attracts migrants and because of this, it is even more important that the flow of mixed migrants is being controlled and managed effectively. It was stated by Shah (2002, p. 315) that: â€Å"the complexity of immigration control has therefore to keep pace with a highly mobile world where global communications at all levels and in all forms are easily exploited by criminal gangs and desperate individuals.† Conclusion Overall, it is often very difficult for states to properly regulate and manage migration flows because of the fact that they are increasingly differentiated. This is widely due to the problems that are caused by trying to distinguish between the different types of migrants. In addition, even when a distinction can be made, domestic legislation often conflicts with international obligations. As such, states are required to preserve international order in cases of confliction which often prevents them from implementing proper regulatory practices. In order to manage migration flows effectively, it is necessary for all states to co-operate and establish a common approach to migration management. This will ensure that that the rights of migrants are being protected, whilst also preserving national security. Hence, because of the problems that are caused by the lack of certainty surrounding refugee’s and asylum seekers, it is necessary for clearer guidance to be provided, which wil l enable a distinction to be made between the different types of migrants. This is necessary in certifying on the one hand that the rights of migrants are protected, and on the other than an overflow of migrants does not occur. References Adelman, H. (1998) Refuge or Asylum A Philosophical Perspective, Journal of Refugee Studies, Volume 1, Number 1. Amnesty International., (2009) World Refugee Day: Lives in Danger as Governments Deny Refugees Protection in Europe, http://www.amnesty.org/en/for-media/press-releases/world-refugee-day-lives-danger-governments-deny-refugees-protection-euro [Accessed 14 October 2013]. Balakrishnan, A., (2006). Immigrants Help the Economy Grow by 3%. The Guardian, [Accessed 13 October 2013]. Betts, A., and Loescher., (2011) Refugees in International Relations, Oxford University Press. Boswell, C., and Geddes, A., (2010) Migration and Mobility in the European Union, Palgrave Macmillan, 1st Edition. Busuttil, A. (1990) Immigration Problems and DNA Profiling, Journal of the Law Society of Scotland, (1990) 35 JLSS 286. Castles, S., and Miller, M. J., (2009) The Age of Migration, Fourth Edition: International Population Movements in the Modern World. Compas., (2013) Flows and Dynamics, [Accessed 23 November, 2013]. Ellermann, A. (2009) Undocumented Migrants and Resistance in the State of Exception, University of British Columbia, Available [Accessed 13 October 2013]. Gibney, M. J., (2004) The Ethics and Politics of Asylum: Liberal Democracy and the Response to Refugees, Cambridge University Press. Guild, E., and P., Minderhoud, (2011) The First Decade of EU Migration and Asylum Law, Martinus Nijhoff. Huhne, C., (2009). Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009. Scottish Human Rights Law Group, [Accessed 15 October 2013]. Human Rights Education Association, Refugees and Displaced Persons, (1996-2011), [Accessed 15 October 2013]. Ryan, L., and Webster, W., (2008) Gendering Migration: Masculinity, Femininity and Ethnicity in Post-War Britain, Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Sales, R., (2007) Understanding Immigration and Refugee Policy: Contradictions and Continuities, Policy Press, Political Science. Stone, R., (2010) Textbook on Civil Liberties, 8th edition, OUP Oxford. Woolas, P., (2010). Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009. The Guardian, [Accessed 13 October 2013]. How to cite Migration flows are increasingly differentiated., Essay examples

Cyber Security Risk and Attacks Free Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Challenges in Cyber Security in Business. Answer: Introduction Computer systems and networks are used in every business and industry all across the globe. There are several advantages that are offered because of the services that are offered by these systems. However, there are also some of the challenges that have been observed in the world of cyber security because of the threats, attacks and vulnerabilities that are associated with it. The challenges that are related with cyber security have been discussed in the report. Cyber Security Challenges Security Risks and Attacks There are many risks and attacks that come up because of the security issues that are related with the cyber space. The information that is present in the cyber world needs to be protected and the information has certain properties that are required to be safeguarded. Some of these properties include confidentiality, availability and integrity. However, there are attacks and risks that are executed by the attackers that violate these properties of the information and cause a lot of damage. The confidentiality of the information is hampered by the attacks such as breaching of the information. In these sorts of attacks, the access points that are present in the cyber space in the services and applications are used and it is these access points that are utilized for the execution of the attack. Some other attacks that impact the confidentiality of the information include unauthorized tracking and eavesdropping of the network (Lipman, 2017). Integrity is another property of the information that is equally important. Attacks that are probable from the point of view of cyber security have an impact on the information integrity as well. The messages and media contents that are exchanged between the parties present in the cyber space are acquired by the attackers and these contents are then acquired and modified without the permission and authority to do so (Kern, 2016). There are certain system qualities that are desired and expected by the users and customers from the services and applications that are present in the cyber space. One of the significant and most important qualities is the availability (Acs, 2016). Availability of the application and services is necessary so that the users may access it and the attackers target this quality so that the availability is hampered. Attacks such as flooding and impersonation attacks are executed with the motive to impact the availability fo the application and the information (Fischer, 2016). Costs and Budget Related Issues In order to make sure that the security risks and attacks do not take place, there are several mechanisms that can be implemented. Some of these mechanisms can be done by the organizations by strengthening their administrative strategies and policies. It can be done by revision of the strategies and enhanced monitoring by the existing management and leadership. At times, it becomes necessary to have the presence of an expert that may or may not be present in the organization (Unidir, 2011). In case of the need to externally hire the expert, there are costs that are required to be spent. Apart from these administrative changes, there are many tools and technical controls that can be applied to strengthen the security infrastructure. However, small scale firms at times cannot bear the cost that comes along with these tools which results in the presence of weak security architecture (Fireye, 2016). Regulation and Compliance Issues There are many regulatory and legal security risks that are also present in association with the cyber security. For example, a business organization that works in the health care domain will deal with the cyber services and applications around health care. Any of the security risk or attack on the information related with these applications will have some sever consequences in terms of legal obligations. It is because of the reason that the health information is private and confidential in nature and it cannot be obtained or accessed without the permission of the information owner (Diplomacy, 2017). In case of the failure to do so, there may be legal risks and obligations that may come up. Also, there may be issues of non-compliance that may be observed in terms of quality and regulatory standards and policies. The adherence to the standards and compliance is required to be maintained so that these issues in association with cyber security can be avoided (Deshpande, 2014). Change in Technology Cyber world is experiencing a lot many changes and these changes are quick in nature. A particular technology that may be present or used at a certain instance may become obsolete after a certain period of time. Such technological changes are required to be handled and the same holds true in case of cyber security as well. Organizations set up a number of protection mechanisms so as to control and put a check on the security issues and attacks. In case the protection mechanisms that are applied are outdated, the purpose of the same stands void and the risks and attacks may occur (Purdy, 2016). Ownership and Responsibility There is a lot of information that is present in the cyber world. This information belongs to varied data sources and data owners. Application of controls and protection mechanisms on these data sets is difficult as a generalized control cannot be applied on all the categories of information. There are issues around authority and ownership that come up that are required to be handled so as to maintain the security of the information. Cyber security also faces issues around the responsibility of the security managers and experts. It is these entities that are responsible for assuring that the security is maintained. However, the inability to do so will lead to poor state of cyber security. There may also be lack of skills and abilities that may be witnessed in this regard (Dsci, 2017). Learning Experience With the aid of the research that was carried out on the challenges that are associated with the cyber security in business, there were a number of points that could be gained and understood through the medium of the research. It added to the knowledge regarding the various types of the issues and attacks that may take place in association with cyber security and the probable impacts that it may have. It also allowed a deeper understanding of the precautions and measures that the organizations may take so that these attacks and risks can be prevented and controlled. The information collected for carrying out the research was done from a number of different sources. It led to the enhancement of knowledge in the field and also significantly added to the knowledge base in the field. Value of the Experience The research done on the topic as challenges in cyber security in business added a great value in terms of the learning and the overall experience that was involved. The experience not only allowed the enhancement of the knowledge base in association with the research topic but also provided the ability to understand the research methodologies and the data collection process. The data collection process involved a number of different data sources which led to the exposure in terms of details and information around the topic. Usefulness of the Learning Process The information around cyber security and the challenges that are associated with the same is extremely essential. It is because of the reason that there are a number of new cyber security challenges that are emerging and being introduced with each passing day. Inadequate information around the cyber security challenges leads to the increase in the probability of the attacks and may also cause significant damage to the parties that are impacted. The learning process therefore allowed addition of the significant knowledge in terms of the course and the career prospects. There are several career options that are now available in the field of cyber security. New roles are being defined in the area and there are several employment opportunities that are being generated as well. The learning process therefore allows the exposure and opening of such new vistas and plethora of opportunities. Also, in terms of general perspective, the learning process enabled understanding of the information security policies and principles that shall be followed so that the cyber security risks and attacks may be avoided. Conclusion Cyber space is being utilized by almost all the business sectors in the present times and there are several benefits that are caused by the same. However, there are many challenges that are also present in association with the cyber security in terms of the security threats and attacks, ownership issues, technological changes, budget issues and legal and regulatory issues. These issues are required to be handled so that the basic aim and purpose of the cyber services and application is achieved. Presence of all of these challenges leads to deterioration of the services which causes lack of trust among the customers and also leads to poor market performance. It is because of all these reasons that the challenges that are present shall be handled through effective planning and control. It shall also be made sure that the technical and administrative controls are applied on the security infrastructure. References Acs (2016). Cybersecurity Threats Challenges Opportunities. [online] Available at: https://www.acs.org.au/content/dam/acs/acs-publications/ACS_Cybersecurity_Guide.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Deshpande, V. (2014). Cyber Security: Strategy to Security Challenges- A Review. [online] Available at: https://www.ijeit.com/Vol%203/Issue%209/IJEIT1412201403_47.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Diplomacy (2017). Cybersecurity: Issues, Actors and Challenges. [online] Available at: https://www.diplomacy.edu/sites/default/files/Cybersecurity_briefing_note_final.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Dsci (2017). Cyber Security Challenges | Data Security Council of India. [online] Dsci.in. Available at: https://www.dsci.in/taxonomypage/241 [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Fireeye (2016). Cybersecurity Challenges, Risks, Trends, and Impacts: Survey Findings. [online] Available at: https://s3.amazonaws.com/files.technologyreview.com/whitepapers/Cybersecurity-Challenges-Survey-Findings.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Fischer, E. (2016). Cybersecurity Issues and Challenges: In Brief. [online] Available at: https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43831.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Kern, C. (2016). 6 Cybersecurity Challenges You Must Address For 2017. [online] Healthitoutcomes.com. Available at: https://www.healthitoutcomes.com/doc/cybersecurity-challenges-you-must-address-for-0001 [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Lipman, P. (2017). The Cybersecurity Challenges Facing State and Local Governments. [online] Infosecurity Magazine. Available at: https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/opinions/cybersecurity-challenges-state/ [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Purdy, A. (2016). The Global Cyber Security Challenge. [online] Available at: https://www-file.huawei.com/-/media/CORPORATE/PDF/cyber-security/the-global-cyber-security-challenge-en.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Unidir (2011). Challenges in Cybersecurity Risks, Strategies, and Confidence-Building. [online] Available at: https://www.unidir.org/files/medias/pdfs/conference-report-eng-0-373.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017].

Cyber Security Risk and Attacks Free Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Challenges in Cyber Security in Business. Answer: Introduction Computer systems and networks are used in every business and industry all across the globe. There are several advantages that are offered because of the services that are offered by these systems. However, there are also some of the challenges that have been observed in the world of cyber security because of the threats, attacks and vulnerabilities that are associated with it. The challenges that are related with cyber security have been discussed in the report. Cyber Security Challenges Security Risks and Attacks There are many risks and attacks that come up because of the security issues that are related with the cyber space. The information that is present in the cyber world needs to be protected and the information has certain properties that are required to be safeguarded. Some of these properties include confidentiality, availability and integrity. However, there are attacks and risks that are executed by the attackers that violate these properties of the information and cause a lot of damage. The confidentiality of the information is hampered by the attacks such as breaching of the information. In these sorts of attacks, the access points that are present in the cyber space in the services and applications are used and it is these access points that are utilized for the execution of the attack. Some other attacks that impact the confidentiality of the information include unauthorized tracking and eavesdropping of the network (Lipman, 2017). Integrity is another property of the information that is equally important. Attacks that are probable from the point of view of cyber security have an impact on the information integrity as well. The messages and media contents that are exchanged between the parties present in the cyber space are acquired by the attackers and these contents are then acquired and modified without the permission and authority to do so (Kern, 2016). There are certain system qualities that are desired and expected by the users and customers from the services and applications that are present in the cyber space. One of the significant and most important qualities is the availability (Acs, 2016). Availability of the application and services is necessary so that the users may access it and the attackers target this quality so that the availability is hampered. Attacks such as flooding and impersonation attacks are executed with the motive to impact the availability fo the application and the information (Fischer, 2016). Costs and Budget Related Issues In order to make sure that the security risks and attacks do not take place, there are several mechanisms that can be implemented. Some of these mechanisms can be done by the organizations by strengthening their administrative strategies and policies. It can be done by revision of the strategies and enhanced monitoring by the existing management and leadership. At times, it becomes necessary to have the presence of an expert that may or may not be present in the organization (Unidir, 2011). In case of the need to externally hire the expert, there are costs that are required to be spent. Apart from these administrative changes, there are many tools and technical controls that can be applied to strengthen the security infrastructure. However, small scale firms at times cannot bear the cost that comes along with these tools which results in the presence of weak security architecture (Fireye, 2016). Regulation and Compliance Issues There are many regulatory and legal security risks that are also present in association with the cyber security. For example, a business organization that works in the health care domain will deal with the cyber services and applications around health care. Any of the security risk or attack on the information related with these applications will have some sever consequences in terms of legal obligations. It is because of the reason that the health information is private and confidential in nature and it cannot be obtained or accessed without the permission of the information owner (Diplomacy, 2017). In case of the failure to do so, there may be legal risks and obligations that may come up. Also, there may be issues of non-compliance that may be observed in terms of quality and regulatory standards and policies. The adherence to the standards and compliance is required to be maintained so that these issues in association with cyber security can be avoided (Deshpande, 2014). Change in Technology Cyber world is experiencing a lot many changes and these changes are quick in nature. A particular technology that may be present or used at a certain instance may become obsolete after a certain period of time. Such technological changes are required to be handled and the same holds true in case of cyber security as well. Organizations set up a number of protection mechanisms so as to control and put a check on the security issues and attacks. In case the protection mechanisms that are applied are outdated, the purpose of the same stands void and the risks and attacks may occur (Purdy, 2016). Ownership and Responsibility There is a lot of information that is present in the cyber world. This information belongs to varied data sources and data owners. Application of controls and protection mechanisms on these data sets is difficult as a generalized control cannot be applied on all the categories of information. There are issues around authority and ownership that come up that are required to be handled so as to maintain the security of the information. Cyber security also faces issues around the responsibility of the security managers and experts. It is these entities that are responsible for assuring that the security is maintained. However, the inability to do so will lead to poor state of cyber security. There may also be lack of skills and abilities that may be witnessed in this regard (Dsci, 2017). Learning Experience With the aid of the research that was carried out on the challenges that are associated with the cyber security in business, there were a number of points that could be gained and understood through the medium of the research. It added to the knowledge regarding the various types of the issues and attacks that may take place in association with cyber security and the probable impacts that it may have. It also allowed a deeper understanding of the precautions and measures that the organizations may take so that these attacks and risks can be prevented and controlled. The information collected for carrying out the research was done from a number of different sources. It led to the enhancement of knowledge in the field and also significantly added to the knowledge base in the field. Value of the Experience The research done on the topic as challenges in cyber security in business added a great value in terms of the learning and the overall experience that was involved. The experience not only allowed the enhancement of the knowledge base in association with the research topic but also provided the ability to understand the research methodologies and the data collection process. The data collection process involved a number of different data sources which led to the exposure in terms of details and information around the topic. Usefulness of the Learning Process The information around cyber security and the challenges that are associated with the same is extremely essential. It is because of the reason that there are a number of new cyber security challenges that are emerging and being introduced with each passing day. Inadequate information around the cyber security challenges leads to the increase in the probability of the attacks and may also cause significant damage to the parties that are impacted. The learning process therefore allowed addition of the significant knowledge in terms of the course and the career prospects. There are several career options that are now available in the field of cyber security. New roles are being defined in the area and there are several employment opportunities that are being generated as well. The learning process therefore allows the exposure and opening of such new vistas and plethora of opportunities. Also, in terms of general perspective, the learning process enabled understanding of the information security policies and principles that shall be followed so that the cyber security risks and attacks may be avoided. Conclusion Cyber space is being utilized by almost all the business sectors in the present times and there are several benefits that are caused by the same. However, there are many challenges that are also present in association with the cyber security in terms of the security threats and attacks, ownership issues, technological changes, budget issues and legal and regulatory issues. These issues are required to be handled so that the basic aim and purpose of the cyber services and application is achieved. Presence of all of these challenges leads to deterioration of the services which causes lack of trust among the customers and also leads to poor market performance. It is because of all these reasons that the challenges that are present shall be handled through effective planning and control. It shall also be made sure that the technical and administrative controls are applied on the security infrastructure. References Acs (2016). Cybersecurity Threats Challenges Opportunities. [online] Available at: https://www.acs.org.au/content/dam/acs/acs-publications/ACS_Cybersecurity_Guide.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Deshpande, V. (2014). Cyber Security: Strategy to Security Challenges- A Review. [online] Available at: https://www.ijeit.com/Vol%203/Issue%209/IJEIT1412201403_47.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Diplomacy (2017). Cybersecurity: Issues, Actors and Challenges. [online] Available at: https://www.diplomacy.edu/sites/default/files/Cybersecurity_briefing_note_final.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Dsci (2017). Cyber Security Challenges | Data Security Council of India. [online] Dsci.in. Available at: https://www.dsci.in/taxonomypage/241 [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Fireeye (2016). Cybersecurity Challenges, Risks, Trends, and Impacts: Survey Findings. [online] Available at: https://s3.amazonaws.com/files.technologyreview.com/whitepapers/Cybersecurity-Challenges-Survey-Findings.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Fischer, E. (2016). Cybersecurity Issues and Challenges: In Brief. [online] Available at: https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43831.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Kern, C. (2016). 6 Cybersecurity Challenges You Must Address For 2017. [online] Healthitoutcomes.com. Available at: https://www.healthitoutcomes.com/doc/cybersecurity-challenges-you-must-address-for-0001 [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Lipman, P. (2017). The Cybersecurity Challenges Facing State and Local Governments. [online] Infosecurity Magazine. Available at: https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/opinions/cybersecurity-challenges-state/ [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Purdy, A. (2016). The Global Cyber Security Challenge. [online] Available at: https://www-file.huawei.com/-/media/CORPORATE/PDF/cyber-security/the-global-cyber-security-challenge-en.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Unidir (2011). Challenges in Cybersecurity Risks, Strategies, and Confidence-Building. [online] Available at: https://www.unidir.org/files/medias/pdfs/conference-report-eng-0-373.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017].

Art imitates life warhol marilyn and a whiter shade of pale essays

Art imitates life warhol marilyn and a whiter shade of pale essays Art imitates life. Whenever life changes art adapts to the changes and is reflective of its origin in time. We learned this when we discussed Freud, Einstein and Nicci coming onto the scene. As they introduced new theories and new ideas we were introduced to new art forms like Dadaism and Surrealism. In 1967 America was going through some changes. Baby Boomers are turning into hippies and everyone is heading out to San Francisco because its the place to be. College enrollments have doubled since 1960 So its clear this genration wants higher learning. Films like The Graduate express this generations' uneasiness with the idea of growing up and accepting responsibility. Television devotes more broadcast time to the Vietnam war and this generation is divided between those who support the war and those who oppose it. Its like a social revolution in America. 1967 was also a great year for Andy Warhol. He had produced the work that this essay is based on. It was a work called Marilyn Monroe. It was a screenprint on paper thirty-six inches long by thirty-six inches wide. It is very disturbing looking because it doesnt really have any likeness to Marilyn Monroe. Its her face and her features traced but none of the colors are like they should be. The lips, eyebrows, eyelashes and hair are red. Her skin is green and her hair is a weird yellow. He was born Andrew Warhola in 1928. The day he was born hasn't been proved, but it was on this date, the sixth of august, he would celebrate his birthday. However, there is no doubt that he died at 6:31 A.M. on Sunday, February 22nd, 1987, at the New York Hospital after a gallbladder operation. Warhol was a founder and major figure of the pop art movement. A graduate of the Carnegie Institute of Technology in 1949, he moved to New York City and gained success as a commercial artist. He got his first break in August 1949, when Glamour Magazine wanted him to illu...

Wetland policy essays

Wetland policy essays The issue of wetland conservation and policy has long been an issue of controversy among interest groups and industry. When observing the number of endangered or threatened species that inhabit wetlands it is apparent that there is a pressing need to conserve them, especially when the leading cause of species loss is habitat destruction (Nowlan and Jeffries, 1996). There is currently in place a system of policies and laws which culminate to create a relatively effective means of enforcement, however, through the lack of a single Act which pertains to wetlands there continues to be inadequacies within the system. Though the federal government has released the Federal Policy on Wetland Conservation it is not admissible in court and therefore only stands as recommendations by which the government would like the public to abide. The vastly different types of wetlands located through out B.C. create many difficulties in the creation of a single policy, however, if there was a broad based Act which was committed to the current federal policy of no net loss of wetlands it would eliminate the need for overlapping laws at the three levels of government. What Designates an Area as a Wetland A wetland can be described in many ways, most of which provide a great deal of vagueness in the distinction between the different classifications as these areas frequently fit into more than one grouping within a very small space. There are basic traits which all wetlands share, in that they are any land which is covered in less than six meters of water at low tide (if tidal) for all or part of the year (Zoltai, 1988), this description includes freshwater wetlands such as shallow ponds, marshes, peat bogs, swamps and fens, as well as saltwater wetlands such as tidal flats, saltwater marshes, eelgrass beds, estuaries and deltas (Nowlan and Jeffries, 1996). With such a broad range of fertile lands included in this description it is n...

Book Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 4

Book Review - Essay Example Although these classrooms are located in the University of Chicago Laboratory School, the issues Vivian highlight are relevant to any classroom setup globally. The exclusionary behavior triggers Vivian into recalling vivid memories of herself as a child. As she grew up, Vivian watched in disdain as classmates intentionally secluded some children from particular activities. At this time, Vivian felt less influential to make any changes regarding such dehumanizing habits. Vivian further recalls how overweight and poor girls would experience discrimination. To make matters worse, teachers privileged the more confident and brighter children (Genishi & Dyson, 2009). As a teacher, Vivian feels awful about the exclusionary behavior rampant in her classroom. In this book, children who were privileged and accepted were dubbed â€Å"insiders†, while children who were secluded were termed â€Å"outsiders†. At her old age (sixty years), Vivian is no longer capable of resisting her childhood memories and her current agonizing sympathy for outsiders. Prudently, Vivian strives to surpass the typical practice of promoting an incorporating culture. Such a culture would help to make insiders accept outsiders into their social circles. Nevertheless, Vivian strives to find viable ways of breaking chains of exclusion in her classroom. Typically, such an act would prompt insiders to feel a violation of their freedom (Cooper, 2009). Consequently, the mood of the classroom would be ruined, and tension would arise. Nevertheless, Vivian is committed to change the mindset in her classroom. Vivian’s approach in solving the exclusion problem is quite surprising. Consequently, this story becomes engrossed, and flair of suspense is imminent. First, Vivian is sincerely unsure and unwary of how commanding her techniques seem. Before instilling her novel rule (â€Å"You Can’t Say You Cant

Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Literature Review - Essay Example These in most cases are caused by different need, or ideologies that we experience when we are brought together. Absence of negotiation can worsen the differences hence unstable relationships between societal members. This paper presents a thoughtful literature review of the importance of negotiation skills with reference to various scholarly articles and books. ElShenawy views negotiation as an important managerial skill which the success of the global environment relies on. Additionally, most interactions need the aspect of negotiation. This makes skilful negotiators are perceived as useful assets that are capable of increasing the financial performance, maintain good customer relations and ensure worker’s satisfaction (ElShenawy, 2010). Arguably, skills are very essential in the growth of any organization as it promotes understanding and inter-relationship among individuals in the organization. Today, most organizations are interested in employing individuals that are well equipped with appropriate skills like listening skills, and negotiation skills. According to Taylor, Mesmer-Magnus and Burns individuals’ ability to effectively negotiate with others like their coworkers, superiors and their juniors hence effective global workforce (Taylor, Mesmer-Magnus, & Burns, 2008). ... Ideally, skills in negotiations involve the ability to be persuasive and assertive and not confront other parties. These skills promote the effectiveness in negotiation process. Generally, communication skills are very essential in our daily activities and relationships. The only way to solve a dispute is exert the key negotiation skills in the process. However, negotiation is in most cases influenced by the power of the two parties, how they are able to influence others matters. According to Ahn, Sutherland and Bednarek, how the parties influence each other enhances the willingness to reach an agreement (Ahn, Sutherland & Bednarek, 2010). This simply means that the agreement reached to solve the differences between two parties is ideally based on the level of influence that the parties involved have towards each other as well as the case presented, and the third parties present. Briefly, steps followed while negotiating include preparation, discussion, and clarification of goals, wi n-win outcome, agreement, and implementation of the course of action. Equally, all parties involved have to participate in the negotiation process. The venue to discuss the problem, time limit, and presence of all facts of the situation need to be clarified in order to avoid further conflict and wastage of time. Then, parties involved are given opportunity to air out their views of the situation. Here, they are encouraged to listen, question and ensure clarification of ideas as each side given equal chance to present their cases. Thereafter, the two parties’ goals, interests and viewpoints need to be clarified to found a common ground. Followed by negotiation for a win-win outcome where both parties feel that their views have been taken into LITERATURE REVIEW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1 LITERATURE REVIEW - Essay Example The study subjects were categorized by sex and age after which their demographic data was taken. cyanobacteria isolates were cultured in sterile inorganic media. The research was conducted using skin patch technique in which the nurses prepared subjects’ backs using acetone and the patches applied (Ian, Ivan, Penelope, Philip, & Glen, 2006, p. 2). The patches contained aqueous suspensions of cyanobacteria which were applied for 48 hours. Dermatological assessments were carried out after 48 and 96 hours of application. The subjects were advised to keep their backs clean and not to participate in any vigorous activity that might interfere with the patches. The hypothesis that was evaluated in this research was to assess the potential of cyanobacteria to cause skin hypersensitivity reactions. The literature review mainly covered two variables: cyanobacteria and skin patch technique. These are the most important variables since they form the core of the research hypothesis. The li terature review starts by describing what cyanobacteria are and associated public health risks. Skin rashes have been reported as a result of exposure to cyanobacteria. Usually, these rashes are very pruritic and itchy (Ian, Ivan, Penelope, Philip, & Glen, 2006, p. 2). In order to understand the hypothesis, conditions that favor growth of these algae and their health effects have to be known. This literature review was therefore, very relevant to the hypothesis. The author also gives information on the reports arising from exposure of cyanobactreia especially in recreational situations. The fact that few of these reports have been reported for domestic water supplies is also reviewed. From the literature it can be seen that skin patch testing has been in used as a procedure for testing effects of cyanobacteria since 1900s (Ian, Ivan, Penelope, Philip, & Glen, 2006, p. 2). It is also indicated that 20-24 percent of volunteers reacted to cyanobactreia in a study by Pilotto et al (Ian, Ivan, Penelope, Philip, & Glen, 2006, p. 2). Therefore, the use of skin patching to assess the effects of cyanobacteria has been used successfully in several studies. This means that the same procedure can be used in this research and give good results. The literature review used in this study fully supported the research hypothesis. In the literature review the author points out that reports of skin rashes as a result of cyanobactreia have been reported. Most of these cases are as a result of recreational exposure. Very few cases have been reported as a result of poor water treatment facilities hence their presence in water supplies (Ian, Ivan, Penelope, Philip, & Glen, 2006, p. 2). There is a gap in information concerning cyanobacteria in water supplies. The literature review was somehow biased. This is because the researcher only covered two aspects (cyanobacteria and Skin patch testing) in the literature review. It could be more interesting if the author could incorporate hyper sensitivity in the literature review. Important information to be included would include types of hypersensitivity caused by cyanobacteria and long term effects of these hypersensitivity. Nevertheless, the review on cyanobacteria and skin patch testing presented in the paper gave a good background information about the field of study. Therefore literature review can be used to form a good base for a research. The literature review mainly concentrated on primary information sources. This

Structural Frame on Berlitz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Structural Frame on Berlitz - Essay Example 47). The structural frame perspective (how we view organizational structure options) was developed as a merging from two main theorists – Frederick W. Taylor’s scientific principles and Max Weber’s bureaucratic philosophy. Frederick Taylor’s work was called â€Å"scientific management† and was about introducing methods to gain individual worker efficiency rather than workers going by the rule of thumb (p. 48). Taylor measured the individual’s contribution with a stopwatch and pointed out how each worker could maximize their productivity. Max Weber, however, looked at the overall organization rather than the individual worker. He was the theorist behind the hierarchical model and use of the bureaucratic systems. At the time (after World War II), many countries were still using a Patriarch management model and it was time to replace it. To more evenly distribute the power, Weber introduced a â€Å"fixed division of labor† and â€Å"hier archy of offices† as examples of the new organizational perspective. These structural frame perspectives continue to exist today. Berlitz International, Inc. believes in the traditional hierarchy of offices and in the traditional chain of command. As discussed in McShane & Von Glinow (2005) coordination comes through formal hierarchy. As the organization grows, which Berlitz has, hierarchical assignments take place and power is passed to individuals. Berlitz reflects a structural perspective on their Internet site, Berlitz Japan, Inc. (2011). The organizational chart lesson (see Appendix A) states that employees will fall somewhere in the chain of command, whether on the top or somewhere â€Å"a little lower†. This information falls under the structural assumption that the organization’s current circumstances will dictate the design that fits best. The structural configuration of Berlitz Language Company as stated in Bolman & Deal (2008) started with a simple str ucture as depicted in most â€Å"mom-and-pop† or smaller organizations (p. 78). McShane & Von Glinow (2005) says that â€Å"most companies begin with a simple structure† (p. 438). Mintzberg’s Model (Bolman & Deal, 2008, p. 79) is a more accurate configuration of Berlitz International today because of the global magnitude of the organization. The Wall Street Journal published an article following a press release from Berlitz, that Hiromasa Yokoi, vice chairman, chief executive and president would retire and numerous management changes would take place as well as company- wide restructure (Bounds, 2000, March 21). A spokesperson added that the company would be split into two subsidiaries: Berlitz Language Services and ELS Language Centers. Berlitz is 70% owned by Benesse Corp, an educational publisher in Japan. The decision to split the company was a strategic decision and had been planned for â€Å"over one year† (Bounds, 2000, March 21, p. 1). Each center , however, will have an individual configuration designed to suit the center director and meet the overall organizational goals. The franchise locations were later given several templates

The Life Of Adoor Gopalakrishnan Film Studies Essay

The Life Of Adoor Gopalakrishnan Film Studies Essay Moutatthu Adoor Gopalakrishnan Unnithan is a National Award winning Indian film director, script writer, and producer. Adoor Gopalakrishnan had a major role in revolutionizing Malayalam cinema. Adoor Gopalakrishnan first film Ones Own Choice (1972) pioneered the new wave cinema movement in Kerala. Over the last 40 years Gopalakrishnan has made films, short films, plays and documentaries in the Malayalam language spoken in the Kerala state located in the south west corner of India. All the 11 films he directed, from Ones Own Choice (1972) to A Climate for Crime (2008), were screened at several International film festivals and won him several National and International awards. He won National Film Awards fifteen times, Kerala State Film Awards seventeen times and also won several International Film Awards. He won the prestigious British Film Institute award for The Rat Trap (1981). Adoor Gopalakrishnan received the Padma Shri in 1984 and the Padma Vibhushan in 2006. The Nation honored Adoor for his valuable contributions to Indian cinema by awarding him the highest cinema award of India, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award for the year 2004. He is one among the very few Indian film makers who are well known in the international film fraternity. (Razdan ) During the 1970s a revitalized movement for good cinema called parallel cinema started in Kerala with Adoor Gopalakrishnan leading the cause. Parallel Cinema is an alternative to the mainstream commercial cinema, is a specific movement in Indian cinema, known for its serious content, realism and naturalism, with a keen eye on the sociopolitical climate of the times. A neo-realist film director by definition Adoor films tend to be much more than that. He involves the audience allowing them to become part of the film rather than just spectators. Adoors films and the characters in them are derived from real people and real situations. He uses his films to address underlying social problems presented in his home state of Kerala. Nothing is sugar coated, only the real stories of common social problems and how these problems affect people in their daily lives. His films dont necessarily try to solve these problems, but show the viewers the sacrifices and hardships those problems present to people that because of different social classes the viewers might not be aware of. By watching other peoples struggles, Adoor lets his audience experience and learn from these life struggles in hopes that the viewers wont repeat some of the mistakes that were made. Adoor Gopalakrishnan has been known as a director who completely dictates every fine detail of his films. From cinematography to acting, Adoor molds each frame of his films, inviting viewers to experience and discover new levels of thinking while still addressing the key overtone of the plot of his film. On the performance of actors in his movies, he stated that It is not the artists job to do the detailing. I do not want different interpretations of roles that may clash with each other. It has to be absolutely unified. According to Adoor in movies, the actor is not performing to the audience like the stage actor. Here they are acting for me. I am the audience and I will decide whether it is correct or not, enough or not. (Panicker) The film, Ones own choice (1972) is a film that portrays the middle class of Kerala as it transitions to a more modernist society. The emphasis of the film shows the economic and social crisis that young couples endure while trying to make a life for themselves. In the beginning there happy and together but as life plays out there world is turned upside down and in the end all we see is a woman, distraught, alone and overwhelmed starring into a unknown future by herself and her small child. This was the 1st feature film that Adoor directed and it went on to win many national and international awards. The film, Four Women (2009) tells the tales of four women in modern India. Each woman had their own roles in the film: the virgin, spinster, prostitute, and house wife. There is no real plot associated with this film or any type of closure enabling the Adoor to focus the viewers attention to the individual stories of the women. Each woman has her own social status in the film and their stories reflect their perspective in regards to their status during the time that they lived in. This film tends to show male domination of the women, but also gives way to a feminist rebellion brewing in each woman. Yet the film is not feminist in nature, since Adoor Gopalakrishnan is more concerned in portraying the era and the fine details it holds regarding the rituals and patterns of society than just to present a story regarding the power and will of womanhood. Irrespective of the fact, that he took his liberties in exercising what should be seen and what remains unseen and what remained- the ear thly nature of the film, which in all due, is as much powerful to what is portrayed (the role and growth of the woman). These women understand their roles, but are starting to believe that they can be something better. The film puts an emphasis on what constitutes living a life or just going through the motions of life. These women want to be something more than their social class structure allows them to be and without forgetting there place, they strive to be more than they are or at last dream they are. (Nitesh) Shadow Kill (2002) is the story of a hangman, Kaliyappan. The executioner is unhappy due to the guilt attached to his means of earning income. He realizes that the executions that he often carries out are a result of politics and not justice. To cleanse himself of the guilt, the King issues a pardon in the form of a clemency order, which deliberately arrives a few minutes after the hanging. However, Kaliyappan has no way to absolve himself from the guilt. As times change, the hangings grow increasingly few and far between. One day Kaliyappan receives orders to prepare for another hanging, which is due to take place in a couple of days. Kaliyappans preparations include rigorous prayers and penance; yet as the day draws closer, he becomes more and more perturbed. Just before the execution, Kaliyappan sits down with his friends for a traditional drink. To pass time, one of them starts telling a story about a young girl who was raped and murdered. As the story proceeds Kaliyappan begins to imagine the young victim to be his own daughter. The overpowering thoughts completely shatter his mental framework and he is unable to perform the execution. In this film Adoor shows the audience what its like to live in someone elses shoes. Would we make the same mistakes or come to the same reasoning as Kaliyappan did? As human beings are our lives controlled by fate or do we have control of what happens around us? These are some of the questions that after watching this movie become apparent. Adoor gives the viewers the opportunity to face these questions through the eyes of the Kaliyappan. The Rat Trap (1981) is a film about a middle-aged rural landowner, who has never had to do a thing for himself, loses the female relatives who wait on him, one after another, and watches helplessly as his estate, already ravaged by thefts and mismanagement, falls into decay. With his only known life in ruins he completely withdrawals to himself and becomes completely self absorbed, incapable of caring or showing any response to change. He is trapped in his own life. Instead of trying to find a way out he simply gives up all hope and does nothing. He is a man caught in a trap or as the movie title suggests a Rat Trap. This film went on to win many International awards and won the coveted Sutherland trophy at the 1982 London Film Festival. Adoor Gopalakrishnan films are drawn from real people, real lives. His cinema manages to frame details that often escape our everyday glance, turning the mundane into the magical, the commonplace into the startling. Adoors characters are extraordinarily varied. A couple living in defiance of society, trying to make ends meet; a rootless, rustic man unaware of his responsibilities; an ex-revolutionary wasting himself, sleeping and eating and drinking, much to the disgust of his old comrades; and a prostitute discovering love only to be separated from her lover by the guardians of society. He invites his viewers to open their minds to different experiences and life lessons that each character presents. As Adoor stated in an interview at the London Film Festival Ideas come from life, what you have been living through and what you have observed. Creativity defies simple definitions and explanations. The mysterious and unknown element of it is what make it ever exciting and interesting. (Bhaskaran) His work has motivated a new generation of film-makers to use their medium in bold new ways and to explore traditionally forbidden topics. Adoor Gopalakrishnan films are about humanity and what experiences we learn through living. He doesnt give the answers but his films guide us as viewers to an understanding that unfamiliar or uncertain aspects of life are just that, a part of life, which we can learn and grow from.

The History of Kingston Penitentiary :: Canada

The History of Kingston Penitentiary Kingston Penitentiary is located on the shore of Lake Ontario in Ontario, Canada. It has served as the main symbol of punishment in Canadian society. Penitentiary Houses were first created in Great Britain in 1779. It was on June 1, 1835 that Kingston Penitentiary formerly known as the Provincial Penitentiary admitted its first six inmates. It represented a new world of confinement that removed the convict from his community and regimented his life. It introduced society to a new notion of punishment and reform. (Curtis et al, 1985) People expect a penitentiary to hold inmates, especially dangerous ones, for as long as the court determines they should serve. Kingston Penitentiary has been doing that for many years. But it has also dedicated to the reform of inmates. What that means has changed dramatically over time. (Curtis et al, 1985) The first inmate to enter Kingston Penitentiary was Mathew Tavender who was sentenced to serve three years for grand larceny. He was placed in cell number four and was put two work as a stonecutter two days later. He was whipped on August 30, 1835 which was three months after his arrival, along with inmate number two, John Hamilton. John Hamilton was sentenced to three years for felony. He was made a stonecutter on his third day and then a mason. Both he and Mathew Tavender were whipped together which may imply they tried to make contact with each other, this was strictly forbidden. Inmate number three was Edward Middlehurst who was sentenced to five years for grand larceny but was actually released. He was the first carpenter at the penitentiary but after a year got sick and was moved to another cell. He is not on record on the roster after he was sick for three months, so whatever he had must have been contagious. He may have received a pardon which was a common way to deal with sick convicts. It was felt that it was better for diseased people to stay outside of the prison walls so the sickness would not spread to the others. The penitentiary was not equipped to deal with death because it had no cemetery but still had to pay for a gravedigger if someone died on the inside. John O'Rourke, inmate number four was sentenced to five years for grand larceny. He received his first rawhide beating two short weeks after his arrival.

The Management of Grief” and “and of Clay Are We Created”

Comparison and Contrast of â€Å"The Management of Grief† and â€Å"And of Clay Are We Created† Introduction missing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ The main characters in â€Å"And of Clay Are We Created† and of â€Å"Management of Grief† differ in many ways. In â€Å"Management of Grief†, Shaila Bhave is the main character who is a 36 year old Indian Hindu Canadian woman that lost her husband and two sons in a plane crash to India. On the other hand, the main character in â€Å"And Clay are we created† is Rolf Clarke who is a middle age TV reporter, first to arrive at the mud slide disaster caused by volcanic activities that tries to save a girl trapped in the mud.The difference of both characters separates them from one another. While one character is a reporter at the scene trying to save life the other is dealing with the grief of her lost ones and helping a social worker with the families of the crash. â€Å"This should be paragraph 2† The tone an d point of view of â€Å"And of Clay Are We Created â€Å"and â€Å"Management of grief† differs from one another. â€Å"The Management of Grief† is narrated in the third person limited by the main character Shaila.In contrast, the other is narrated in the first person in a very unique way and is told by the main character’s lover as witness miles away, through television with unedited access. The tone of â€Å"And of Clay Are We Created† is melancholy throughout the story. It gives the sense of gloom â€Å"the sky is weeping† as murmured by Azucena as she begins to cry. Unlike in â€Å"The Management of Grief† the tone is more subtle through the voice of Shaila. The narrator has a more rational view of the events and delivers it with calmness. â€Å"This should be paragraph 1† †¦..A transitional sentence between the difference and similarity paragraph should be here. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ The characters in â€Å"And of Clay Are We C reated† and â€Å"The Management of Grief† are quite similar in repressed feelings towards the tragic events of their lives. In beginning of â€Å"And of Clay Are We Created† the narrator describes Rolf Carle to report the news with â€Å"equanimity in the face of danger and suffering† and seemed detached from his emotions. The way he tried to comfort the girl and help her through the night by singing songs and staying with her shows his demeanor and resilience in the face of the tragedy.Midway in the story when the girl starts to remind Rolf of all the women in his life, his past opens up and the repressed memories becomes fresh in his mind. The memories – burying of prisoners died from starvation in the concentration camps as he recalls â€Å"the naked bodies piled like a mountain of firewood† and how his father would beat him and his retarded sister. Likewise in â€Å"The Management of Grief†, Shaila doesn’t lose herself in t he tragedy and remains calm while she narrates the story as a reporter much like Rolf and is described by the people as â€Å"the strongest of us all† in coping with the tragedy.Then underneath it all as she says in her mind â€Å"I wish I could scream, starve, walk into Lake Ontario, jump from a bridge† shows that she is repressing her feelings of the tragedy. Towards the end of the stories, the characters reached a point of acceptance and started on the path of healing. In â€Å"And of Clay Are We Created† and â€Å"The Management of Grief† deals with the inadequacy of the government in dealing with tragedies. In the tragedy of the mud slide, millions of dollars of special television equipment, helicopters and personnel arrives at the scene but fell short of a mere water pump.The narrator calls important people from the city, senators, and commanders of the armed forces, begging for the pump, and only obtained vague promises. Likewise in the plane crash tragedy that was under investigation for a terrorist plot and how the social worker Templeton could not effectively help the families of the tragedy. Templeton who continues to endeavor to assist members of the Toronto Indian community who either refuse to accept the loss of their family members, or who have no ability to operate effectively in a Canadian culture of legal requirements, bank documents and government forms.Shaila assists her with the families but soon realizes that Templeton doesn’t understand that not all Indians are the same and they are different in religions and traditions. For instance when they visited a couple and she told Templeton â€Å"They are Sikh. They will not open up to a Hindu woman. † Templeton shows her frustration afterwards and Shaila sees that she doesn’t understand their culture and stopped helping her. Although the stories have different tragedies in different countries, the fact remains that the government was not as effec tive as they should have been in dealing with the tragedies.The two stories are of different tragedies in different places with different people. In those tragedies despite the differences the grief is the same as is their government response. To finish the title â€Å"and of clay are we created’ and to clay shall we be returned gives the sense of acceptance of death which synchronizes with the title of ‘management of grief’ in that the final stage in grief is acceptance. â€Å"generally need more quotes†

Hebrew Wisdom on Diligence and Laziness Essay Essays

Hebrew Wisdom on Diligence and Laziness Essay Essays Hebrew Wisdom on Diligence and Laziness Essay Paper Hebrew Wisdom on Diligence and Laziness Essay Paper Traveling through the Wisdom Books of the Old Testament. diligence and indolence are a common subject. It is shown many different ways which is viewed more positively and which is looked down upon. Diligence and indolence may be somewhat intertwined. but they are besides wholly separate thoughts. The books of Proverbs and Ecclesiastes provide much of the apprehension to be gained from the Bible on all four of these thoughts. doing them two of the most of import Old Testament books in respects to learning. The books of Proverbs and Ecclesiastes give a overplus of information on Hebrew thoughts sing diligence and indolence. But the first thing that needs to be done is to specify what diligence and indolence are. Proverbs uses sluggard to specify person who is lazy. It is noted that â€Å"A persevering individual. like the emmet. does non necessitate a taskmaster to happen motivation†1. This is contrasted with the sluggard by Proverbs 6:6 ( KJV ) . which states â€Å"Go to the emmet. thou sluggard ; see her ways. and be wise. † This shows the contrast between the sluggard. or lazy individual. and the persevering individual. represented by the emmet. A lazy individual. or sluggard. can besides be described as person who â€Å" can non happen adequate motive to lift out of bed†2. This point is shown in Proverbs 26:14 ( KJV ) . saying â€Å"As the door turneth upon his flexible joints. so doth the faineant upon his bed. † All of this illustrates that Hebrew Wisdo m has a much higher position of diligence over indolence. Wisdom and folly are really far apart in definition. Wisdom can be defined as doing good determinations with the information that you have. Folly. on the other manus. can be defined as doing a foolish determination even cognizing the wise determination would hold a better consequence. Proverbs 5:23b ( KJV ) shows what happens when we use folly. saying â€Å"in the illustriousness of his foolishness he shall travel astray. † This is in contrast to Proverbs 3:13-14 ( KJV ) . which states â€Å"Happy is the adult male that findeth wisdom. and the adult male that getteth understanding. / For the ware of it is better than the ware of Ag. and the addition thereof than all right gold. † This shows that if wisdom is used and gained. so the wagess for wisdom are great. Using hapless judgement. even cognizing that there is a better determination to be made. will do a individual to non follow the righteous way and lead people off from God. whereas utilizing wisdom and doing the pr oper pick will assist people to remain on the way God has chosen for them and take them to great wagess. Ecclesiastes 7:5 ( KJV ) shows us how much the individual who uses wisdom is valued. saying â€Å"It is better to hear the reproof of the wise. than for a adult male to hear the vocal of saps. † This shows it is more of import to listen to a wise individual giving advice than it is to listen to an unwise individual who thinks our foolish determinations are to be celebrated. Geting advice to rectify errors should ever be preferred over being told to do the same foolish determination once more. This point is emphasized in Ecclesiastes 10:12-13 ( KJV ) . saying â€Å"The words of a wise man’s oral cavity are gracious ; but the lips of a sap will get down up himself. / The beginning of the words of his oral cavity is foolishness: and the terminal of his talk is arch lunacy. † This merely proves yet once more that listening to the sap and doing foolish determinations will take to evil and no wagess. This is every bit opposed to utilizing the wisdom of a wise adult male and holding grace with our words and actions. Using wisdom will acquire be rewarded here on Earth and with God. The difference between the individual who is persevering and lazy is an of import subjec t when discoursing the type of work ethic that should be had. Proverbs 10:26 ( KJV ) besides shows how the lazy individual is viewed by those who employ them. saying â€Å"As acetum to the dentition. and as fume to the eyes. so is the sluggard to them that send him. † The lazy individual is viewed as a job to their employers while the persevering individual will assist those who employ them. as stated in Proverbs 10:4b ( KJV ) . â€Å"the manus of the diligent maketh rich. † The diligent individual will convey wealth upon themselves every bit good as those who are wise plenty to use them. This can demo people reading these poetries that the harder you work and the more diligent you are in your work. the more you will be rewarded. Teachings about diligences. indolence. wisdom. and folly can be found all throughout the Bible. The books of Proverbs and Ecclesiastes provide some of the best commentary on all four of these topics. Because of this commentary they provide. these two books are some of the most of import instruction books in the Old Testament. They teach how of import diligence and wisdom are. They besides teach how much we need to avoid indolence and folly because they will non supply the wagess to us that diligence and wisdom will. BibliographyHindson. Edward E. . and Yates. Gary E. The Essence of the Old Testament: A Survey. Nashville. Tenn. : B A ; H Academic. 2012.