My Life Of The Mill College Student - 888 Words

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Are you making the right decisions? Are you going to do something, or do you want to fall behind? So this brings me to the second question, what am I doing here? I’m here trying to answer the questions that ponder my mind and come up, not only with a solution, but a plan. A plan that can move me forward and guide me to a future in which I desire, where my dreams and goals come in fruition, and where I feel peace within myself with work I put in to get there. I need a plan so I can learn, and indeed learn, about theShow MoreRelatedThe Sociological Imagination, By C. Wright Mills1692 Words   |  7 Pagesroughly 36% of Americans earn a college degree, while the remaining 64% are either presented with different options, or simply do not have the resources to go to college (Butler-Sweet, September 5, 2017). It is often assumed that a person’s college status, as well as their entire life, can be determined by examining his or her intellect, high school performance, and talents. However, C. 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Management Is The Basic Function Of Management - 1763 Words

Q1. Management is a common and important term involving in all kinds of organizations such as businesses, political, cultural or social. Management has been described as the process of dealing with things or people (Oxford Dictionary). There are four basic functions that make up the effective management process: Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling. Catriona Noble, who started from a 14-year-old casual crew member to the first female CEO of One of McDonald’s top ten subsidiaries in the world, applies successfully these functions in operating McDonald’s Australia. Planning is the basic function of management which involves in defining goals, setting up strategy, and developing plans to best achieve of the goals. Typically, planning also involves flexibility in the organization and knowledge of the company’s recourses. Thus it is important to have planning skills to establish the right strategic objectives before making tactical decision (Burrows, 2016). 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Migration flows are increasingly differentiated. Free Essays

Introduction This paper will demonstrate the effects different migration flows have upon the regulation and management of global migrations. This will be done by reviewing asylum flows and considering whether effective controls are in place for dealing with this type of migrant. Consideration will also be made as to how this complicates our analysis of global migrations and their regulation. We will write a custom essay sample on Migration flows are increasingly differentiated. or any similar topic only for you Order Now Migration Flows States have the authority to regulate the movement of foreign nationals across their borders and consequently have the power to decide what persons can be admitted and for what length of time. Nevertheless, in order to regulate migration flows effectively, greater concern needs to be placed upon the dynamics that drive, facilitate and inhabit migration (Compas, 2013, p. 1). It is arguable whether this is easily attainable given that â€Å"international migration is incredibly diverse, fluid and fast changing† (Boswell and Geddes, 2010, p. 3). Various laws and regulations have been enacted, which are primarily intended to govern entry into and exit from the territories of states, yet some are more restrictive than others (Guild and Minderhoud, 2011, p. 166). The fact that states have the ability to refuse entry to persons from different jurisdictions is said to allow states to maintain their sovereignty. This was recognised by Adelman (1998, p. 19) when it was pointed out that: â€Å"even if a state has absolute sovereign authority to control the entry of refugee claimants, they must preserve international order which is in everyone’s self interests.† Yet, it is important that those fleeing from persecution are provided with adequate protection from the State in which they enter. Therefore, although states generally have the ability to control migration flows, they may also have to adhere to their international obligations (Human Rights Education Association, 2011, p. 2). This often produces problems since it is not always easy to establish whether a person has fled from persecution or left voluntarily. These uncertainties produce much difficulty and although states must protect the human rights of migrants (The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights), it is evident that the protection of migrants is currently inadequate (Amnesty International, 2009, p. 1). Asylum Flows Migrants are not receiving the support they need from states and national laws and procedures currently act as a barrier to the rights of migrants. This is largely due to the different migration flows that exist and the inability to address mixed migration flows effectively (Betts and Loescher, 2010, p. 320). The treatment of those claiming asylum in the UK provides a clear example of the difficulties that arise when it comes to analysing and regulating global migration. Thus, refugees often use the same routes and means of transportation when entering states as other migrants and because of this, it is extremely difficult to distinguish between them (Gibney, 2004, p. 12). As a result, â€Å"refugee was a term increasingly associated with dishonesty in the notion of ‘bogus’ asylum seekers† (Ryan and Webster, 2008, p. 3). This has an overall impact upon the proper regulation of migration, which is evident in the UK where asylum seekers are required to attain citize nship. Hence, a British Territories Overseas Citizenship or British Overseas Citizenship must be established, yet as contended by Bussutil (1990, p. 286): â€Å"claims cannot be decided with any ease, and great difficulties may be experienced.† This occurs in relation to the ‘qualifying period’ of five years and the additional ‘probationary citizenship’ period that is required prior to qualification for naturalisation. Although this accurately reflects the contemporary relationship between those people subjected to legal regulation and the state, it is questionable whether this relationship is appropriate in modern day society where states are callable of realising their international obligations. Global Migration and Regulation It is extremely difficult to ensure the proper regulation of global migration, yet â€Å"the Government started to respond to the increase in asylum applications in the 1980’s† (Sales, 2007, p. 1953). Nation States have since made great attempts to regulation immigration to their countries through â€Å"imposition of employer sanctions, phasing in and out of temporary foreign worker admission policies, legislations, measures against human trafficking, and measures concerning refugees and asylum seekers† (Castles and Miller, 2009, p. 205). The Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2009 seeks to ensure that the UK is fully implementing its international obligations, but given that the five year requirement can be waived by the Secretary of State is required, it is evident that each case can be decided on its own facts. Regardless, constraints and limits are still being placed upon liberal government in relation to those claiming asylum in the UK and as noted by A delman (1998, p. 19): â€Å"even if a state has absolute sovereign authority to control the entry of refugee claimants, they must preserve international order which is in everyone’s self interests.† He also added that: â€Å"a liberal state does not, however, have absolute sovereign authority, not only with respect to its own members, particularly in areas such as providing aid to refugees, but also with respect to stateless individuals or individuals who come from states which have failed to provide protection.† Arguably, it is evident that although the UK is capable of regulating domestic obligations in respect of asylum seekers, international order must still be preserved. It is questionable whether such international obligations are currently being preserved given that asylum seekers are restricted by domestic legislation. It is argued by Ellermann (2009, p. 2) that: â€Å"illegal immigrants often succeeded in preventing the state from exercising its sovere ign powers† since those who have no claims against the state are most likely to be able to frustrate state control. Arguably, state sovereignty is often undermined by international obligations as states are required to allow immigrants to cross their borders if it is considered to be in their interests. Balance? The new Points Based System (PBS) in the UK was introduced in order to regulate and control the existing mixed migration flows. Previously, citizens could apply for Indefinite Leave to Remain in the UK after spending five years living there, yet it is now a requirement under the Act that five years residence will only lead to â€Å"probationary citizenship† which would be capable of leading to full citizenship once a number of â€Å"points† have been earned. This new system is beneficial for the economy as it prevents migrants from becoming dependent on the State and enables a distinction to be made between the different types of migrants. As Woolas (2010, p. 1) believes: â€Å"Migration only works if it brings benefits and these measures will ensure that only those migrants that make a positive impact on their local community will be able to stay in the UK.† The Act will consequently prevent those migrants who are not beneficial to the UK’s economy from a cquiring citizenship since â€Å"unlimited migration places unacceptable pressure on public services, school places, and the provision of housing, causing problems for certain local communities† (Home Office: 2010). Too much restriction should not be placed upon the flow of migrants, however since â€Å"migrant workers in recent years have provided a significant boost to UK economic growth† (Balakrishnan, 2006, p. 2). Essentially, it is thereby important that a balance is struck between giving migrant workers the ability to acquire citizenship and preventing those that seek to rely on the State from being admitted unless they are genuinely fleeing from persecution. In Omojudi v United Kingdom Application No. 1820/08, 24 November, 2009 it was held by the court that a violation of the rights of immigrants under international law can only be justified if the aims being pursued are proportionate in view of the breach that has occurred. A justification will, as put by Stone (2010; p. 352); â€Å"require that the differential treatment has a legitimate aim and that there is a reasonable relationship of proportionality between the means employed and the aim pursued.† Therefore, unless a State has a legitimate aim for refusing migrants citizenship, then this will not be justified. This certainly allows greater fairness to be ensued. In Cabales and Balkandali v United Kingdom (1985) 7 EHRR 471 it was held that a refusal would need â€Å"very weighty reasons† before a violation of any rights under the European Convention of Human Rights 1951 could be justified. Difficulties still exist in relation to border control, nonetheless, and it see ms as though greater emphasis needs to be placed upon â€Å"exit checks and proper border controls† (Huhne: 2010, p. 2). The UK is the most vulnerable State that attracts migrants and because of this, it is even more important that the flow of mixed migrants is being controlled and managed effectively. It was stated by Shah (2002, p. 315) that: â€Å"the complexity of immigration control has therefore to keep pace with a highly mobile world where global communications at all levels and in all forms are easily exploited by criminal gangs and desperate individuals.† Conclusion Overall, it is often very difficult for states to properly regulate and manage migration flows because of the fact that they are increasingly differentiated. This is widely due to the problems that are caused by trying to distinguish between the different types of migrants. In addition, even when a distinction can be made, domestic legislation often conflicts with international obligations. As such, states are required to preserve international order in cases of confliction which often prevents them from implementing proper regulatory practices. In order to manage migration flows effectively, it is necessary for all states to co-operate and establish a common approach to migration management. This will ensure that that the rights of migrants are being protected, whilst also preserving national security. Hence, because of the problems that are caused by the lack of certainty surrounding refugee’s and asylum seekers, it is necessary for clearer guidance to be provided, which wil l enable a distinction to be made between the different types of migrants. This is necessary in certifying on the one hand that the rights of migrants are protected, and on the other than an overflow of migrants does not occur. References Adelman, H. (1998) Refuge or Asylum A Philosophical Perspective, Journal of Refugee Studies, Volume 1, Number 1. Amnesty International., (2009) World Refugee Day: Lives in Danger as Governments Deny Refugees Protection in Europe, http://www.amnesty.org/en/for-media/press-releases/world-refugee-day-lives-danger-governments-deny-refugees-protection-euro [Accessed 14 October 2013]. Balakrishnan, A., (2006). Immigrants Help the Economy Grow by 3%. The Guardian, [Accessed 13 October 2013]. Betts, A., and Loescher., (2011) Refugees in International Relations, Oxford University Press. Boswell, C., and Geddes, A., (2010) Migration and Mobility in the European Union, Palgrave Macmillan, 1st Edition. Busuttil, A. (1990) Immigration Problems and DNA Profiling, Journal of the Law Society of Scotland, (1990) 35 JLSS 286. Castles, S., and Miller, M. J., (2009) The Age of Migration, Fourth Edition: International Population Movements in the Modern World. Compas., (2013) Flows and Dynamics, [Accessed 23 November, 2013]. Ellermann, A. (2009) Undocumented Migrants and Resistance in the State of Exception, University of British Columbia, Available [Accessed 13 October 2013]. Gibney, M. J., (2004) The Ethics and Politics of Asylum: Liberal Democracy and the Response to Refugees, Cambridge University Press. Guild, E., and P., Minderhoud, (2011) The First Decade of EU Migration and Asylum Law, Martinus Nijhoff. Huhne, C., (2009). Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009. Scottish Human Rights Law Group, [Accessed 15 October 2013]. Human Rights Education Association, Refugees and Displaced Persons, (1996-2011), [Accessed 15 October 2013]. Ryan, L., and Webster, W., (2008) Gendering Migration: Masculinity, Femininity and Ethnicity in Post-War Britain, Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Sales, R., (2007) Understanding Immigration and Refugee Policy: Contradictions and Continuities, Policy Press, Political Science. Stone, R., (2010) Textbook on Civil Liberties, 8th edition, OUP Oxford. Woolas, P., (2010). Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009. The Guardian, [Accessed 13 October 2013]. How to cite Migration flows are increasingly differentiated., Essay examples Migration flows are increasingly differentiated. Free Essays Introduction This paper will demonstrate the effects different migration flows have upon the regulation and management of global migrations. This will be done by reviewing asylum flows and considering whether effective controls are in place for dealing with this type of migrant. Consideration will also be made as to how this complicates our analysis of global migrations and their regulation. We will write a custom essay sample on Migration flows are increasingly differentiated. or any similar topic only for you Order Now Migration Flows States have the authority to regulate the movement of foreign nationals across their borders and consequently have the power to decide what persons can be admitted and for what length of time. Nevertheless, in order to regulate migration flows effectively, greater concern needs to be placed upon the dynamics that drive, facilitate and inhabit migration (Compas, 2013, p. 1). It is arguable whether this is easily attainable given that â€Å"international migration is incredibly diverse, fluid and fast changing† (Boswell and Geddes, 2010, p. 3). Various laws and regulations have been enacted, which are primarily intended to govern entry into and exit from the territories of states, yet some are more restrictive than others (Guild and Minderhoud, 2011, p. 166). The fact that states have the ability to refuse entry to persons from different jurisdictions is said to allow states to maintain their sovereignty. This was recognised by Adelman (1998, p. 19) when it was pointed out that: â€Å"even if a state has absolute sovereign authority to control the entry of refugee claimants, they must preserve international order which is in everyone’s self interests.† Yet, it is important that those fleeing from persecution are provided with adequate protection from the State in which they enter. Therefore, although states generally have the ability to control migration flows, they may also have to adhere to their international obligations (Human Rights Education Association, 2011, p. 2). This often produces problems since it is not always easy to establish whether a person has fled from persecution or left voluntarily. These uncertainties produce much difficulty and although states must protect the human rights of migrants (The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights), it is evident that the protection of migrants is currently inadequate (Amnesty International, 2009, p. 1). Asylum Flows Migrants are not receiving the support they need from states and national laws and procedures currently act as a barrier to the rights of migrants. This is largely due to the different migration flows that exist and the inability to address mixed migration flows effectively (Betts and Loescher, 2010, p. 320). The treatment of those claiming asylum in the UK provides a clear example of the difficulties that arise when it comes to analysing and regulating global migration. Thus, refugees often use the same routes and means of transportation when entering states as other migrants and because of this, it is extremely difficult to distinguish between them (Gibney, 2004, p. 12). As a result, â€Å"refugee was a term increasingly associated with dishonesty in the notion of ‘bogus’ asylum seekers† (Ryan and Webster, 2008, p. 3). This has an overall impact upon the proper regulation of migration, which is evident in the UK where asylum seekers are required to attain citize nship. Hence, a British Territories Overseas Citizenship or British Overseas Citizenship must be established, yet as contended by Bussutil (1990, p. 286): â€Å"claims cannot be decided with any ease, and great difficulties may be experienced.† This occurs in relation to the ‘qualifying period’ of five years and the additional ‘probationary citizenship’ period that is required prior to qualification for naturalisation. Although this accurately reflects the contemporary relationship between those people subjected to legal regulation and the state, it is questionable whether this relationship is appropriate in modern day society where states are callable of realising their international obligations. Global Migration and Regulation It is extremely difficult to ensure the proper regulation of global migration, yet â€Å"the Government started to respond to the increase in asylum applications in the 1980’s† (Sales, 2007, p. 1953). Nation States have since made great attempts to regulation immigration to their countries through â€Å"imposition of employer sanctions, phasing in and out of temporary foreign worker admission policies, legislations, measures against human trafficking, and measures concerning refugees and asylum seekers† (Castles and Miller, 2009, p. 205). The Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2009 seeks to ensure that the UK is fully implementing its international obligations, but given that the five year requirement can be waived by the Secretary of State is required, it is evident that each case can be decided on its own facts. Regardless, constraints and limits are still being placed upon liberal government in relation to those claiming asylum in the UK and as noted by A delman (1998, p. 19): â€Å"even if a state has absolute sovereign authority to control the entry of refugee claimants, they must preserve international order which is in everyone’s self interests.† He also added that: â€Å"a liberal state does not, however, have absolute sovereign authority, not only with respect to its own members, particularly in areas such as providing aid to refugees, but also with respect to stateless individuals or individuals who come from states which have failed to provide protection.† Arguably, it is evident that although the UK is capable of regulating domestic obligations in respect of asylum seekers, international order must still be preserved. It is questionable whether such international obligations are currently being preserved given that asylum seekers are restricted by domestic legislation. It is argued by Ellermann (2009, p. 2) that: â€Å"illegal immigrants often succeeded in preventing the state from exercising its sovere ign powers† since those who have no claims against the state are most likely to be able to frustrate state control. Arguably, state sovereignty is often undermined by international obligations as states are required to allow immigrants to cross their borders if it is considered to be in their interests. Balance? The new Points Based System (PBS) in the UK was introduced in order to regulate and control the existing mixed migration flows. Previously, citizens could apply for Indefinite Leave to Remain in the UK after spending five years living there, yet it is now a requirement under the Act that five years residence will only lead to â€Å"probationary citizenship† which would be capable of leading to full citizenship once a number of â€Å"points† have been earned. This new system is beneficial for the economy as it prevents migrants from becoming dependent on the State and enables a distinction to be made between the different types of migrants. As Woolas (2010, p. 1) believes: â€Å"Migration only works if it brings benefits and these measures will ensure that only those migrants that make a positive impact on their local community will be able to stay in the UK.† The Act will consequently prevent those migrants who are not beneficial to the UK’s economy from a cquiring citizenship since â€Å"unlimited migration places unacceptable pressure on public services, school places, and the provision of housing, causing problems for certain local communities† (Home Office: 2010). Too much restriction should not be placed upon the flow of migrants, however since â€Å"migrant workers in recent years have provided a significant boost to UK economic growth† (Balakrishnan, 2006, p. 2). Essentially, it is thereby important that a balance is struck between giving migrant workers the ability to acquire citizenship and preventing those that seek to rely on the State from being admitted unless they are genuinely fleeing from persecution. In Omojudi v United Kingdom Application No. 1820/08, 24 November, 2009 it was held by the court that a violation of the rights of immigrants under international law can only be justified if the aims being pursued are proportionate in view of the breach that has occurred. A justification will, as put by Stone (2010; p. 352); â€Å"require that the differential treatment has a legitimate aim and that there is a reasonable relationship of proportionality between the means employed and the aim pursued.† Therefore, unless a State has a legitimate aim for refusing migrants citizenship, then this will not be justified. This certainly allows greater fairness to be ensued. In Cabales and Balkandali v United Kingdom (1985) 7 EHRR 471 it was held that a refusal would need â€Å"very weighty reasons† before a violation of any rights under the European Convention of Human Rights 1951 could be justified. Difficulties still exist in relation to border control, nonetheless, and it see ms as though greater emphasis needs to be placed upon â€Å"exit checks and proper border controls† (Huhne: 2010, p. 2). The UK is the most vulnerable State that attracts migrants and because of this, it is even more important that the flow of mixed migrants is being controlled and managed effectively. It was stated by Shah (2002, p. 315) that: â€Å"the complexity of immigration control has therefore to keep pace with a highly mobile world where global communications at all levels and in all forms are easily exploited by criminal gangs and desperate individuals.† Conclusion Overall, it is often very difficult for states to properly regulate and manage migration flows because of the fact that they are increasingly differentiated. This is widely due to the problems that are caused by trying to distinguish between the different types of migrants. In addition, even when a distinction can be made, domestic legislation often conflicts with international obligations. As such, states are required to preserve international order in cases of confliction which often prevents them from implementing proper regulatory practices. In order to manage migration flows effectively, it is necessary for all states to co-operate and establish a common approach to migration management. This will ensure that that the rights of migrants are being protected, whilst also preserving national security. Hence, because of the problems that are caused by the lack of certainty surrounding refugee’s and asylum seekers, it is necessary for clearer guidance to be provided, which wil l enable a distinction to be made between the different types of migrants. This is necessary in certifying on the one hand that the rights of migrants are protected, and on the other than an overflow of migrants does not occur. References Adelman, H. (1998) Refuge or Asylum A Philosophical Perspective, Journal of Refugee Studies, Volume 1, Number 1. Amnesty International., (2009) World Refugee Day: Lives in Danger as Governments Deny Refugees Protection in Europe, http://www.amnesty.org/en/for-media/press-releases/world-refugee-day-lives-danger-governments-deny-refugees-protection-euro [Accessed 14 October 2013]. Balakrishnan, A., (2006). Immigrants Help the Economy Grow by 3%. The Guardian, [Accessed 13 October 2013]. Betts, A., and Loescher., (2011) Refugees in International Relations, Oxford University Press. Boswell, C., and Geddes, A., (2010) Migration and Mobility in the European Union, Palgrave Macmillan, 1st Edition. Busuttil, A. (1990) Immigration Problems and DNA Profiling, Journal of the Law Society of Scotland, (1990) 35 JLSS 286. Castles, S., and Miller, M. J., (2009) The Age of Migration, Fourth Edition: International Population Movements in the Modern World. Compas., (2013) Flows and Dynamics, [Accessed 23 November, 2013]. Ellermann, A. (2009) Undocumented Migrants and Resistance in the State of Exception, University of British Columbia, Available [Accessed 13 October 2013]. Gibney, M. J., (2004) The Ethics and Politics of Asylum: Liberal Democracy and the Response to Refugees, Cambridge University Press. Guild, E., and P., Minderhoud, (2011) The First Decade of EU Migration and Asylum Law, Martinus Nijhoff. Huhne, C., (2009). Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009. Scottish Human Rights Law Group, [Accessed 15 October 2013]. Human Rights Education Association, Refugees and Displaced Persons, (1996-2011), [Accessed 15 October 2013]. Ryan, L., and Webster, W., (2008) Gendering Migration: Masculinity, Femininity and Ethnicity in Post-War Britain, Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Sales, R., (2007) Understanding Immigration and Refugee Policy: Contradictions and Continuities, Policy Press, Political Science. Stone, R., (2010) Textbook on Civil Liberties, 8th edition, OUP Oxford. Woolas, P., (2010). Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009. The Guardian, [Accessed 13 October 2013]. How to cite Migration flows are increasingly differentiated., Essay examples

Cyber Security Risk and Attacks Free Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Challenges in Cyber Security in Business. Answer: Introduction Computer systems and networks are used in every business and industry all across the globe. There are several advantages that are offered because of the services that are offered by these systems. However, there are also some of the challenges that have been observed in the world of cyber security because of the threats, attacks and vulnerabilities that are associated with it. The challenges that are related with cyber security have been discussed in the report. Cyber Security Challenges Security Risks and Attacks There are many risks and attacks that come up because of the security issues that are related with the cyber space. The information that is present in the cyber world needs to be protected and the information has certain properties that are required to be safeguarded. Some of these properties include confidentiality, availability and integrity. However, there are attacks and risks that are executed by the attackers that violate these properties of the information and cause a lot of damage. The confidentiality of the information is hampered by the attacks such as breaching of the information. In these sorts of attacks, the access points that are present in the cyber space in the services and applications are used and it is these access points that are utilized for the execution of the attack. Some other attacks that impact the confidentiality of the information include unauthorized tracking and eavesdropping of the network (Lipman, 2017). Integrity is another property of the information that is equally important. Attacks that are probable from the point of view of cyber security have an impact on the information integrity as well. The messages and media contents that are exchanged between the parties present in the cyber space are acquired by the attackers and these contents are then acquired and modified without the permission and authority to do so (Kern, 2016). There are certain system qualities that are desired and expected by the users and customers from the services and applications that are present in the cyber space. One of the significant and most important qualities is the availability (Acs, 2016). Availability of the application and services is necessary so that the users may access it and the attackers target this quality so that the availability is hampered. Attacks such as flooding and impersonation attacks are executed with the motive to impact the availability fo the application and the information (Fischer, 2016). Costs and Budget Related Issues In order to make sure that the security risks and attacks do not take place, there are several mechanisms that can be implemented. Some of these mechanisms can be done by the organizations by strengthening their administrative strategies and policies. It can be done by revision of the strategies and enhanced monitoring by the existing management and leadership. At times, it becomes necessary to have the presence of an expert that may or may not be present in the organization (Unidir, 2011). In case of the need to externally hire the expert, there are costs that are required to be spent. Apart from these administrative changes, there are many tools and technical controls that can be applied to strengthen the security infrastructure. However, small scale firms at times cannot bear the cost that comes along with these tools which results in the presence of weak security architecture (Fireye, 2016). Regulation and Compliance Issues There are many regulatory and legal security risks that are also present in association with the cyber security. For example, a business organization that works in the health care domain will deal with the cyber services and applications around health care. Any of the security risk or attack on the information related with these applications will have some sever consequences in terms of legal obligations. It is because of the reason that the health information is private and confidential in nature and it cannot be obtained or accessed without the permission of the information owner (Diplomacy, 2017). In case of the failure to do so, there may be legal risks and obligations that may come up. Also, there may be issues of non-compliance that may be observed in terms of quality and regulatory standards and policies. The adherence to the standards and compliance is required to be maintained so that these issues in association with cyber security can be avoided (Deshpande, 2014). Change in Technology Cyber world is experiencing a lot many changes and these changes are quick in nature. A particular technology that may be present or used at a certain instance may become obsolete after a certain period of time. Such technological changes are required to be handled and the same holds true in case of cyber security as well. Organizations set up a number of protection mechanisms so as to control and put a check on the security issues and attacks. In case the protection mechanisms that are applied are outdated, the purpose of the same stands void and the risks and attacks may occur (Purdy, 2016). Ownership and Responsibility There is a lot of information that is present in the cyber world. This information belongs to varied data sources and data owners. Application of controls and protection mechanisms on these data sets is difficult as a generalized control cannot be applied on all the categories of information. There are issues around authority and ownership that come up that are required to be handled so as to maintain the security of the information. Cyber security also faces issues around the responsibility of the security managers and experts. It is these entities that are responsible for assuring that the security is maintained. However, the inability to do so will lead to poor state of cyber security. There may also be lack of skills and abilities that may be witnessed in this regard (Dsci, 2017). Learning Experience With the aid of the research that was carried out on the challenges that are associated with the cyber security in business, there were a number of points that could be gained and understood through the medium of the research. It added to the knowledge regarding the various types of the issues and attacks that may take place in association with cyber security and the probable impacts that it may have. It also allowed a deeper understanding of the precautions and measures that the organizations may take so that these attacks and risks can be prevented and controlled. The information collected for carrying out the research was done from a number of different sources. It led to the enhancement of knowledge in the field and also significantly added to the knowledge base in the field. Value of the Experience The research done on the topic as challenges in cyber security in business added a great value in terms of the learning and the overall experience that was involved. The experience not only allowed the enhancement of the knowledge base in association with the research topic but also provided the ability to understand the research methodologies and the data collection process. The data collection process involved a number of different data sources which led to the exposure in terms of details and information around the topic. Usefulness of the Learning Process The information around cyber security and the challenges that are associated with the same is extremely essential. It is because of the reason that there are a number of new cyber security challenges that are emerging and being introduced with each passing day. Inadequate information around the cyber security challenges leads to the increase in the probability of the attacks and may also cause significant damage to the parties that are impacted. The learning process therefore allowed addition of the significant knowledge in terms of the course and the career prospects. There are several career options that are now available in the field of cyber security. New roles are being defined in the area and there are several employment opportunities that are being generated as well. The learning process therefore allows the exposure and opening of such new vistas and plethora of opportunities. Also, in terms of general perspective, the learning process enabled understanding of the information security policies and principles that shall be followed so that the cyber security risks and attacks may be avoided. Conclusion Cyber space is being utilized by almost all the business sectors in the present times and there are several benefits that are caused by the same. However, there are many challenges that are also present in association with the cyber security in terms of the security threats and attacks, ownership issues, technological changes, budget issues and legal and regulatory issues. These issues are required to be handled so that the basic aim and purpose of the cyber services and application is achieved. Presence of all of these challenges leads to deterioration of the services which causes lack of trust among the customers and also leads to poor market performance. It is because of all these reasons that the challenges that are present shall be handled through effective planning and control. It shall also be made sure that the technical and administrative controls are applied on the security infrastructure. References Acs (2016). Cybersecurity Threats Challenges Opportunities. [online] Available at: https://www.acs.org.au/content/dam/acs/acs-publications/ACS_Cybersecurity_Guide.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Deshpande, V. (2014). Cyber Security: Strategy to Security Challenges- A Review. [online] Available at: https://www.ijeit.com/Vol%203/Issue%209/IJEIT1412201403_47.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Diplomacy (2017). Cybersecurity: Issues, Actors and Challenges. [online] Available at: https://www.diplomacy.edu/sites/default/files/Cybersecurity_briefing_note_final.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Dsci (2017). Cyber Security Challenges | Data Security Council of India. [online] Dsci.in. Available at: https://www.dsci.in/taxonomypage/241 [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Fireeye (2016). Cybersecurity Challenges, Risks, Trends, and Impacts: Survey Findings. [online] Available at: https://s3.amazonaws.com/files.technologyreview.com/whitepapers/Cybersecurity-Challenges-Survey-Findings.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Fischer, E. (2016). Cybersecurity Issues and Challenges: In Brief. [online] Available at: https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43831.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Kern, C. (2016). 6 Cybersecurity Challenges You Must Address For 2017. [online] Healthitoutcomes.com. Available at: https://www.healthitoutcomes.com/doc/cybersecurity-challenges-you-must-address-for-0001 [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Lipman, P. (2017). The Cybersecurity Challenges Facing State and Local Governments. [online] Infosecurity Magazine. Available at: https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/opinions/cybersecurity-challenges-state/ [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Purdy, A. (2016). The Global Cyber Security Challenge. [online] Available at: https://www-file.huawei.com/-/media/CORPORATE/PDF/cyber-security/the-global-cyber-security-challenge-en.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Unidir (2011). Challenges in Cybersecurity Risks, Strategies, and Confidence-Building. [online] Available at: https://www.unidir.org/files/medias/pdfs/conference-report-eng-0-373.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017].

Cyber Security Risk and Attacks Free Samples -Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Challenges in Cyber Security in Business. Answer: Introduction Computer systems and networks are used in every business and industry all across the globe. There are several advantages that are offered because of the services that are offered by these systems. However, there are also some of the challenges that have been observed in the world of cyber security because of the threats, attacks and vulnerabilities that are associated with it. The challenges that are related with cyber security have been discussed in the report. Cyber Security Challenges Security Risks and Attacks There are many risks and attacks that come up because of the security issues that are related with the cyber space. The information that is present in the cyber world needs to be protected and the information has certain properties that are required to be safeguarded. Some of these properties include confidentiality, availability and integrity. However, there are attacks and risks that are executed by the attackers that violate these properties of the information and cause a lot of damage. The confidentiality of the information is hampered by the attacks such as breaching of the information. In these sorts of attacks, the access points that are present in the cyber space in the services and applications are used and it is these access points that are utilized for the execution of the attack. Some other attacks that impact the confidentiality of the information include unauthorized tracking and eavesdropping of the network (Lipman, 2017). Integrity is another property of the information that is equally important. Attacks that are probable from the point of view of cyber security have an impact on the information integrity as well. The messages and media contents that are exchanged between the parties present in the cyber space are acquired by the attackers and these contents are then acquired and modified without the permission and authority to do so (Kern, 2016). There are certain system qualities that are desired and expected by the users and customers from the services and applications that are present in the cyber space. One of the significant and most important qualities is the availability (Acs, 2016). Availability of the application and services is necessary so that the users may access it and the attackers target this quality so that the availability is hampered. Attacks such as flooding and impersonation attacks are executed with the motive to impact the availability fo the application and the information (Fischer, 2016). Costs and Budget Related Issues In order to make sure that the security risks and attacks do not take place, there are several mechanisms that can be implemented. Some of these mechanisms can be done by the organizations by strengthening their administrative strategies and policies. It can be done by revision of the strategies and enhanced monitoring by the existing management and leadership. At times, it becomes necessary to have the presence of an expert that may or may not be present in the organization (Unidir, 2011). In case of the need to externally hire the expert, there are costs that are required to be spent. Apart from these administrative changes, there are many tools and technical controls that can be applied to strengthen the security infrastructure. However, small scale firms at times cannot bear the cost that comes along with these tools which results in the presence of weak security architecture (Fireye, 2016). Regulation and Compliance Issues There are many regulatory and legal security risks that are also present in association with the cyber security. For example, a business organization that works in the health care domain will deal with the cyber services and applications around health care. Any of the security risk or attack on the information related with these applications will have some sever consequences in terms of legal obligations. It is because of the reason that the health information is private and confidential in nature and it cannot be obtained or accessed without the permission of the information owner (Diplomacy, 2017). In case of the failure to do so, there may be legal risks and obligations that may come up. Also, there may be issues of non-compliance that may be observed in terms of quality and regulatory standards and policies. The adherence to the standards and compliance is required to be maintained so that these issues in association with cyber security can be avoided (Deshpande, 2014). Change in Technology Cyber world is experiencing a lot many changes and these changes are quick in nature. A particular technology that may be present or used at a certain instance may become obsolete after a certain period of time. Such technological changes are required to be handled and the same holds true in case of cyber security as well. Organizations set up a number of protection mechanisms so as to control and put a check on the security issues and attacks. In case the protection mechanisms that are applied are outdated, the purpose of the same stands void and the risks and attacks may occur (Purdy, 2016). Ownership and Responsibility There is a lot of information that is present in the cyber world. This information belongs to varied data sources and data owners. Application of controls and protection mechanisms on these data sets is difficult as a generalized control cannot be applied on all the categories of information. There are issues around authority and ownership that come up that are required to be handled so as to maintain the security of the information. Cyber security also faces issues around the responsibility of the security managers and experts. It is these entities that are responsible for assuring that the security is maintained. However, the inability to do so will lead to poor state of cyber security. There may also be lack of skills and abilities that may be witnessed in this regard (Dsci, 2017). Learning Experience With the aid of the research that was carried out on the challenges that are associated with the cyber security in business, there were a number of points that could be gained and understood through the medium of the research. It added to the knowledge regarding the various types of the issues and attacks that may take place in association with cyber security and the probable impacts that it may have. It also allowed a deeper understanding of the precautions and measures that the organizations may take so that these attacks and risks can be prevented and controlled. The information collected for carrying out the research was done from a number of different sources. It led to the enhancement of knowledge in the field and also significantly added to the knowledge base in the field. Value of the Experience The research done on the topic as challenges in cyber security in business added a great value in terms of the learning and the overall experience that was involved. The experience not only allowed the enhancement of the knowledge base in association with the research topic but also provided the ability to understand the research methodologies and the data collection process. The data collection process involved a number of different data sources which led to the exposure in terms of details and information around the topic. Usefulness of the Learning Process The information around cyber security and the challenges that are associated with the same is extremely essential. It is because of the reason that there are a number of new cyber security challenges that are emerging and being introduced with each passing day. Inadequate information around the cyber security challenges leads to the increase in the probability of the attacks and may also cause significant damage to the parties that are impacted. The learning process therefore allowed addition of the significant knowledge in terms of the course and the career prospects. There are several career options that are now available in the field of cyber security. New roles are being defined in the area and there are several employment opportunities that are being generated as well. The learning process therefore allows the exposure and opening of such new vistas and plethora of opportunities. Also, in terms of general perspective, the learning process enabled understanding of the information security policies and principles that shall be followed so that the cyber security risks and attacks may be avoided. Conclusion Cyber space is being utilized by almost all the business sectors in the present times and there are several benefits that are caused by the same. However, there are many challenges that are also present in association with the cyber security in terms of the security threats and attacks, ownership issues, technological changes, budget issues and legal and regulatory issues. These issues are required to be handled so that the basic aim and purpose of the cyber services and application is achieved. Presence of all of these challenges leads to deterioration of the services which causes lack of trust among the customers and also leads to poor market performance. It is because of all these reasons that the challenges that are present shall be handled through effective planning and control. It shall also be made sure that the technical and administrative controls are applied on the security infrastructure. References Acs (2016). Cybersecurity Threats Challenges Opportunities. [online] Available at: https://www.acs.org.au/content/dam/acs/acs-publications/ACS_Cybersecurity_Guide.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Deshpande, V. (2014). Cyber Security: Strategy to Security Challenges- A Review. [online] Available at: https://www.ijeit.com/Vol%203/Issue%209/IJEIT1412201403_47.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Diplomacy (2017). Cybersecurity: Issues, Actors and Challenges. [online] Available at: https://www.diplomacy.edu/sites/default/files/Cybersecurity_briefing_note_final.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Dsci (2017). Cyber Security Challenges | Data Security Council of India. [online] Dsci.in. Available at: https://www.dsci.in/taxonomypage/241 [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Fireeye (2016). Cybersecurity Challenges, Risks, Trends, and Impacts: Survey Findings. [online] Available at: https://s3.amazonaws.com/files.technologyreview.com/whitepapers/Cybersecurity-Challenges-Survey-Findings.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Fischer, E. (2016). Cybersecurity Issues and Challenges: In Brief. [online] Available at: https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43831.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Kern, C. (2016). 6 Cybersecurity Challenges You Must Address For 2017. [online] Healthitoutcomes.com. Available at: https://www.healthitoutcomes.com/doc/cybersecurity-challenges-you-must-address-for-0001 [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Lipman, P. (2017). The Cybersecurity Challenges Facing State and Local Governments. [online] Infosecurity Magazine. Available at: https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/opinions/cybersecurity-challenges-state/ [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Purdy, A. (2016). The Global Cyber Security Challenge. [online] Available at: https://www-file.huawei.com/-/media/CORPORATE/PDF/cyber-security/the-global-cyber-security-challenge-en.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017]. Unidir (2011). Challenges in Cybersecurity Risks, Strategies, and Confidence-Building. [online] Available at: https://www.unidir.org/files/medias/pdfs/conference-report-eng-0-373.pdf [Accessed 25 May 2017].